11/13 Types of Forces -on your own

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What is friction? continued

A force is a push or a pull.

Contact forces require
that objects be in direct
contact with each other.

Non-contact forces do
not require objects to be in
direct contact.

Friction is a contact force
between two surfaces
when they push or rub
against each other. It is
parallel to the surfaces and
opposes their motion.

Photo credit: Joggie Botma/Alamy Stock Photo

Match

Match the word with the definition.

• Force

• Contact forces

• Non-contact forces

• Friction

a push or a pull.

require
that objects be
touching

do
not require objects to be touching

is a contact force
between two surfaces

parallel lines

• a push or a pull.

• require
  that objects be
  touching

• do
  not require objects to be touching

• is a contact force
  between two surfaces

• parallel lines

Categorize

Options (14)

touching

not touching

pushing a door

pulling a doorknob

holding something

leaning on a wall

stack of books

pressing against something

gravity

magnetism

LISTEN to the audio to drag these options into the right categories.

objects in contact

objects in non-contact

Dropdown

A ​

Select answer

is a push or pull, described by its strength and the direction in which it acts, such as pulling a window open or pushing a door closed.

The strength and direction of a force can be represented as an arrow. The ​

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of an arrow indicates the force’s strength (with longer arrows showing greater strength). The direction the ​

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points indicates the direction in which the force is applied.

Some forces occur when objects are in direct contact with each other, such as when you pull open a door. These are known as ​

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. Some forces do not require that objects be in direct contact with each other. These are known as ​

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Reorder

Reorder the following from least to most FRICTION

• ice

• wood floor

• rough concrete gravel driveway

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Categorize

Options (18)

slippery surfaces

ice

wet floors

oily surfaces

smooth tiles

waxed surfaces

polished wood

rough surfaces

shaggy long carpet

sandpaper

bumpy asphalt

rubber mats

textured tiles

rough surface

Listen to the audio to drag these options into the right categories.

More friction

Less friction

Dropdown

Friction is a contact force that two surfaces exert on each other when they push or rub against each other. It is ​

Select answer

to the surfaces and opposes their motion.

Friction is affected by two factors: the types of surfaces involved and how hard the surfaces are pushed together. In general, smooth surfaces produce less friction than ​

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surfaces.

Common types of friction include sliding friction, fluid friction, and rolling friction.​

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friction occurs when two surfaces slide on or past each other. Fluid friction occurs when a solid object moves through a fluid like ​

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​

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friction occurs when an object rolls across a surface.Example:  A skydiver’s body and the air particles are coming into contact. The skydiver’s body is pushing against the air particles as he falls. It is an example of fluid friction.

Multiple Select

Friction is a force between things that are parallel and touching.

Which 3 contain lines that are parallel?

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What is gravity? continued

Gravity is a non-contact force that pulls objects with mass
toward each other. Gravitational force is affected by the mass
of the objects and the distance between them. The greater an
object’s mass, the greater the gravitational force between it
and other objects. Gravitational force decreases as the
distance between two objects increases.

Photo credit: Evgenii Baranov/Alamy Stock Photo

Dropdown

​

Select answer

is a ​

Select answer

force that pulls objects with mass toward each other. Gravitational force is affected by the ​

Select answer

of the objects and the distance between them.



The greater an object’s mass, the greater the ​

Select answer

between it and other objects.



Gravitational force decreases as the

Select answer

between two objects increases.

Multiple Choice

Which has the

GREATEST

gravitational force?

• more mass, less distance

• less mass, most distance

• more mass, more distance

Multiple Choice

WHich has the

LEAST

gravitational force?

• more mass, less distance

• less mass, most distance

• more mass, more distance

Categorize

Options (10)

things closer together

things further apart

less mass

planets with larger mass

distant celestial bodies

more massive objects

tiny grains of sand

specks of dust

greater distances

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO to drag and drop these options into the right categories.

More gravity

Less gravity

Dropdown

 

Gravity is a ​

Select answer

that pulls objects toward each other as a result of their masses. Gravitational force, for example, pulls objects on or near Earth toward Earth, and it also keeps ​

Select answer

around the sun and the moon in orbit around Earth. 

Gravitational force depends on two factors: the ​

Select answer

of the objects and the distance between them. 

Gravitational force increases as mass increases, and it decreases as the ​

Select answer

between the objects ​

Select answer

Example: Between which pair of objects is the gravitational force stronger: two tennis balls have less gravitational pull than two bowling balls because their mass is greater than the mass of the tennis balls.  Two soccer balls a few meters apart has more gravitational mass than two soccer balls on either end of a soccer field because gravitational force decreases as the distance increases

Fill in the Blanks

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What is magnetism? continued

Magnetism is the attractive or repulsive force exerted by
magnetic materials. It is a non-contact force. The
magnitude, or strength, of magnetic force decreases as
the distance between the objects increases.

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

Match

Match the following

• magnetism

• magnitude

• distance

• non-contact forces

attractive or repulsive force

means strength

decreases magnetic force

magnet attracting paper clips

do not touch

• attractive or repulsive force

• means strength

• decreases magnetic force

• magnet attracting paper clips

• do not touch

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Multiple Select

Like poles repel each other. (Like poles are the same .)

Which 2 pair of magnets will repel each other?

Multiple Select

Opposite poles attract each other.

Which 2 pair of magnets will attract each other?

Dropdown

​

Select answer

(like) poles repel each other.

​

Select answer

means push ​

Select answer

.

Magnets that are ​

Select answer

together will repel each other with a ​

Select answer

force.

Dropdown

​

Select answer

poles attract.

Magnets ​

Select answer

together ​

Select answer

each other with ​

Select answer

force

than the magnets that are ​

Select answer

apart. 

Multiple Choice

Which pair of magnets will

ATTRACT each other

the MOST?

• same poles, far

• opposite poles, far

• same poles close

• opposite poles, close

Multiple Choice

Which pair of magnets will

REPEL each other

the MOST

• same poles, far

• opposite poles, far

• same poles close

• opposite poles, close

Match

Match the following

• not touching

• move together

• push away

• amount of stuff in something

non-contact

attract

repulsive

or repel

mass

perpendicular

• non-contact

• attract

• repulsive

  or repel

• mass

• perpendicular

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What are normal forces? continued

An applied force is a force applied to an object by another object,
such as pushing or pulling a door. Normal force is any force that is
applied perpendicularly to a surface.

Photo credit: Red Che/Shutterstock

Match

Match the following. 

 

• non-contact force that pulls objects with mass toward each other 

• attractive or repulsive force exerted by magnetic materials 

• the strength of a force

• force exerted on an object that is applied perpendicularly to the surface

gravity

magnetism

magnitude

normal force

NOT perpendicular

• gravity

• magnetism

• magnitude

• normal force

• NOT perpendicular

Fill in the Blanks

Dropdown

An ​

Select answer

force is a force applied to an object by ​

Select answer

,
such as pushing or pulling a door. ​

Select answer

force is any force that is
applied ​

Select answer

to a ​

Select answer

Multiple Select

Which show perpendicular lines?

Dropdown

Forces can be applied by ​

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action. The active push or pull that we exert on objects are ​

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forces. The force we use to push a desk across a room is an example.

People and objects can apply forces even when they don’t seem to be actively pushing or pulling. For example, just by ​

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on the floor, you are applying force by ​

Select answer

down on the floor. The floor also applies force by pushing ​

Select answer

on you.

Dropdown

​

Select answer

is a force exerted perpendicularly to a surface; two lines that cross each other but are ​

Select answer

to each other, at a 90° or a ​

Select answer

.

A force is said to be normal to a surface when it is applied “head-on,” or ​

Select answer

to the surface. For example, when we want to push open a heavy (hinged) door, we apply a normal force to it so that all our effort goes into opening the door. Some of our force is wasted if we push at an ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

Any object placed on a ​

Select answer

surface, such as a floor or a table, is exerting a normal force on that surface. What makes this force “normal” is simply that it points ​

Select answer

on a surface that happens to be horizontal, so the force is perpendicular to the surface. 

The upward forces exerted by the floor on objects, such as the soles of our feet, are also normal forces because they are ​

Select answer

to the surfaces to which they are applied.

When we stand on a ramp or some other ​

Select answer

surface, gravity still pulls us directly down, so we are still applying a downward push on the surface. But since the ramp is not horizontal, the push we exert on the ramp is ​

Select answer

to the ramp (it is not “perpendicular” to it).

Fill in the Blanks

Open Ended

Give YOUR OWN example of a normal force

Categorize

Options (4)

friction

gravity

magnetism

normal force

LISTEN to the audio to drag these options into the right categories.

contact force

non contact force

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