Genetics Vocabulary

Genetics Vocabulary

Genetics

The scientific study of hereditary.

 

Heredity

​Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Gene

A section of the DNA that codes for a specific trait

Trait

​Characteristic


For example: Hair color, eye color, height

Allele

Different forms of a gene- THE LETTERS


Example: TT, Tt, tt

Principle of Dominance
(also known as Complete Dominance)

Some alleles are dominant and hide recessive alleles.

Multiple Choice

When we are talking about ALLELES, what are we talking about?

• Numbers

• I dont know

• A set of two LETTERS

• Shapes

Dominant Allele

​Alleles are hidden by DOMINANT alleles.
The allele that always shows up as
THE CAPITAL LETTER (Ex: T, F, A)

Recessive Allele

Allele hidden by dominant alleles.
Only shows up if there are NO dominant alleles present

THE LOWERCASE LETTER (Ex: t, f, a)

Categorize

Options (10)

A

a

B

b

F

T

G

j

f

d

Identify if the alleles are dominant or recessive

Dominant Alleles

Recessive Alleles

Phenotype

​The physical appearance of a trait.
WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE

Example: Hair color, eye color, height, flower color. The traits you can SEE

Genotype

​The genetic makeup of a trait

The alleles

The LETTERS (ex: TT, Tt, tt)

Categorize

Options (14)

BB

bb

Ff

TT

tt

Tt

Tall

Short

Brown hair

Purple flowers

Blue eyes

Black fur

the LETTERS

What it LOOKS LIKE

Match the following

Genotypes

Phenotypes

Homozygous

​Two of the same alleles
Both are dominant (TT, FF, GG, BB)
OR broth are recessive (tt, ff, gg, bb)

Purebred

​Cross between parents with the same traits (with the SAME ALLELES)
HOMOZYGOUS
Ex (TT, tt, FF, ff)

Heterozygous

​Two different alleles
One is dominant, one is recessive
Big, little

(Ex: Tt, Ff, Hh, Gg)

Hybrid

​Cross between parents with the different traits (with DIFFERENT ALLELES)
HETEROZYGOUS
Ex (Tt, Ff, Gg, Bb)

Categorize

Options (15)

BB

Bb

bb

TT

Tt

tt

FF

Ff

ff

GG

Gg

gg

DD

Dd

dd

Match the alleles

Homozygous Dominant

Heterozygous

Homozygous Recessive

Match

Match the following vocabulary

• Dominant Allele

• Recessive Allele

• Homozygous

• Heterozygous

Capital letter

T

Lowercase letter

t

Same alleles

TT, tt

Different alleles

Tt

• Capital letter

  T

• Lowercase letter

  t

• Same alleles

  TT, tt

• Different alleles

  Tt

Monohybrid Cross

​A genetic cross comparing ONE trait
A basic Punnett Square (4 squares)

Dihybrid Cross

​A genetic cross comparing two traits.
A LARGE Punnett Square (16 squares)

Match

Match the following

• Dominant alleles

• Recessive alleles

• Homozygous dominant

• Homozygous recessive

• Heterozygous

T, F, B

t, f, b

TT, FF, BB

tt, ff, bb

Tt, Ff, Bb

• T, F, B

• t, f, b

• TT, FF, BB

• tt, ff, bb

• Tt, Ff, Bb

Match

Match the following

• Homozygous Dominant

• Homozygous Recessive

• Heterozygous

• Phenotype

• Genotype

BB, TT

bb

Bb

Observable traits, what you can see

The alleles, the letters

• BB, TT

• bb

• Bb

• Observable traits, what you can see

• The alleles, the letters

Match

Match the following

• Genotypes

• Phenotypes

• Homozygous Dominant

• Homozygous Recessive

• Heterozygous

Aa, AA, aa

Alto (tall), bajo (short)

AA

aa

Aa

• Aa, AA, aa

• Alto (tall), bajo (short)

• AA

• aa

• Aa

Match

In hamsters, short fur is dominant (F) and long fur is recessive (f). Match genotypes and phenotypes below.

• Homozygous short fur

• Heterozygous short fur

• Long fur

FF

Ff

ff

• FF

• Ff

• ff

Labeling

Complete the punnett square

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

T T

t t

T t top row

T t bottom row

Labeling

Fill in the missing genotypes

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Bb

bB

BB

bb