Nerve Impulses

Multiple Choice

How does the nervous system communicate?

• Through verbal communication and body language.
• By using only chemical signals without electrical impulses.
• Through visual signals and auditory cues.
• The nervous system communicates through electrical impulses and chemical signals.

Multiple Choice

What is the resting potential of a neuron?

• Approximately -30 mV
• Approximately -70 mV
• Approximately -90 mV
• Approximately -50 mV

Multiple Select

What type of transport is required to send information down the axon of a neuron?

• Active Transport

• Passive Transport

Multiple Select

What ion(s) impact the electrical gradient of the cell membrane

• Sodium (Na+)

• Potassium (K+)

• Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
• Calcium (Ca+)

• Magnesium (Mg2+)

Multiple Choice

What does "repolarization" mean?

• Repolarization is when a cell's membrane potential becomes more positive after stimulation.
• Repolarization refers to the initial phase of action potential generation.
• Repolarization is the process of increasing a cell's membrane potential.
• Repolarization is the return of a cell's membrane potential to a more negative state after depolarization.

Multiple Choice

What causes depolarization during an action potential?

• The activation of chloride channels (Cl-) in the neuron.
• The release of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the neuron.
• The influx of sodium ions (Na+) into the neuron.
• The efflux of potassium ions (K+) from the neuron.

Reorder

Reorder the following for Action Potential

• impulse arrives and threshold is met

• Voltage-gated Na+ channels are opened and Na+ enters the cell

• Voltage-gated K+ channels are opened and K+ leaves the cell; Na+ channels begin to rest

• Voltage-gated K+ channels are still open; Na+ channels are in the resting state

• Na+/K+ pump restores original levels of voltage in cell

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Reorder

Reorder the following for Synaptic Transmission

• Action potential arrives at presynaptic terminal

• Ca2+ channels open on presynaptic terminal

• Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitters

• Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron

• Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron

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Multiple Choice

What is the role of the cerebrospinal fluid?

• To regulate body temperature
• To provide oxygen to the brain
• The role of cerebrospinal fluid is to protect the brain and spinal cord, circulate nutrients, and remove waste.
• To store memories and experiences

Multiple Choice

What are meninges?

• Meninges are the outer layer of the skin.
• Meninges are the main blood vessels in the brain.
• Meninges are protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
• Meninges are a type of brain cell responsible for memory.

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports the sinuses that form the route through which blood drains from the CNS?

• Epidural space
• Dura mater
• Arachnoid mater
• Pia mater

Open Ended

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges that can have severe effects on neurological function. Why is infection of this structure potentially so dangerous?