7.5.2-The Cell

Multiple Choice

cell

• basic unit of life

• basic unit of an atom

• basic unit of a molecule

Cells

Multiple Choice

The _______ is the smallest structural and functional unit of a living thing.

• atom

• cell

• bone

• blood

9.3 - Cell
Membrane

Genova

What is the role of the cell membrane?

●Cell membrane of plasma membrane is define the border of a cell

○What is inside vs. outside of the cell.

●Cell membrane --> Specialized structure that surrounds the cell and
its internal environment; controls movement of substances into/out
of cell.

●Function:

○Allows the cell to interact with the environment.

○Exclude, take in, excrete various substances

○Protect the cell from outside substances.

What is the cell membrane made out of?

●Cell membrane are composed of lipids which makes them have a
semi-permeable membrane

●Semi-permeable membrane --> Membrane that allows certain
substances to pass through

●Other building block of membranes:

○Proteins --> Involved in cross-membrane transport and cell communication

○Carbohydrates --> Decorates both proteins and lipids and help cells recognize each
other.

Fluid Mosaic Model

Guiding
Question

What is the
function of
a cell
membrane?

The cell membrane is the outer
boundary of the cell.

Review

cell: The smallest structural unit, enclosed by a
membrane, that makes up all living organisms.
cell membrane: The structure that separates the cell
from its external environment.
cytoplasm: The material that fills much of the inside
of cells.
function: The specialized activities performed by a
system, organ, body part, object, or device.
model: Any representation of a system (or its
components) used to help one understand and
communicate how it works.
structure: The parts of an object or system, including
what they are made of, their shapes, and their
arrangement.

Key Vocabulary

Guiding
Question

What is the
function of
a cell
membrane?

The cell membrane is the outer
boundary of the cell.

Multiple Choice

What is the outer boundary called on ALL cells that controls what goes in and out of that cell?

• Cell Wall

• Nucleus

• Cell Membrane

Multiple Choice

What happens when we mix oil and water? (Watch the video if you are unsure)

• They mix together

• They stay separate

• It explodes

Oil and Water

• Oil and water DON'T mix

• Oil molecules are hydrophobic they "don't like" water. Hydro - water

• Phobic - Think of a phobia!

• Parts of the cell membrane are hydrophobic. This is part of what protects the cell.

Multiple Choice

How many layers does the phospholipid bilayer have?

• Two

• One

• Three

Plant cells have some special organelles that animal cells don't have

• cell wall

• chloroplasts

• plasmodesmata

Multiple Choice

True or False:

Plant cells have a more rigid structure than animal cells.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

This type of cell needs a cell wall and chloroplasts

• Animal Cell

• Plant Cell

Multiple Choice

What kind of cell is this?

• plant

• animal

Multiple Choice

I am found only in plant cells.

I provide structure to the cell.

I am the most outer boundary.

• Cell Membrane

• Chloroplast

• Cell Wall

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Select

what is the difference between animal & plants cell? check all that apply

• plant cell have a cell wall

• animal cells have a central vacuole

• animals do not a flagella/cilia

• animal cells have centrioles

Cytoplasm

● Function: Jelly-like material inside the

cell membrane. All organelles can be
found here.

● Found: In ALL Cells (Plant and Animal)

​Cell Structures

• ​cell membrane: controls the movement of substances into & out of the cell.​

• ​cell wall(plants only) It provides support & structure.

• ​cytoplasm: jellylike substance that holds & protects the cell's organelles​

• ​cytoskeleton (network of threadlike proteins)

Multiple Choice

The organelle that helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in movement:

• Mitochondrion

• Lysosome

• Cytoskeleton

• Cell Membrane

Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

The _______ is the smallest structural and functional unit of a living thing.

• atom

• cell

• bone

• blood

Multiple Choice

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have DNA.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotic cells do not have…….

• membrane bound organelles

• cell membrane

• DNA

• genetic material

Multiple Choice

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a nucleus.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell?

• Prokaryote

• Eukaryote

• Both

• Neither

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell?

• Prokaryote
• Eukaryote

Multiple Choice

Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells

• prokaryotic cells

• eukaryotic cells

• both eukaryotic and prokaryotic

• neither

Multiple Choice

Which organelle is responsible for storing a eukaryotic cells genetic material?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Prokaryotic cell?

• unicellular

• floating DNA

• very small

• complex

Multiple Choice

A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?

• prokaryote
• eukaryote
• plant cell
• animal cell

Multiple Choice

What type of cell has a nucleus?

• eukaryotic

• prokaryotic

• neither

• both

​- Unicellular = one celled organism

- Multicellular = more than one celled organism​

Single-celled organism vs multi-celled organism

All cells fall into one of these two broad categories. Only the single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotes.

​

What does prokaryotic and eukaryotic mean?

• examples include bateria

• ​a simple, single-celled organism

• lack (do not have) a nucleus

• lack (do not have) membrane-bound organelles, like a mitochondria

• significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells

• DNA is circular floating in the cytoplasm

Prokaryotic Cells

• examples include plants, animals, and fungi

• ​Complex, multicellular organisms

• do have a nucleus

• do have membrane bound organelles like a mitochondria

• Large cells

• DNA is linear in the nucleus

Eukaryotic Cells

border the cell

​

ALL CELLS= both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain

​information for
the cell

jelly of the cell

​make proteins

Match

Match the following

• Prokaryote

• Eukaryote

• Both

No nucleus or membrane bound organelles

has nucleus + membrane bound organelles

Cell Membrane

and cytoplasm and DNA

• No nucleus or membrane bound organelles

• has nucleus + membrane bound organelles

• Cell Membrane

  and cytoplasm and DNA

Match

Match the following

• Prokaryotes DNA

• Eukaryotes DNA

• Both

free floating in the cytoplasm

located in the nucleus

contain genetic material (DNA)

• free floating in the cytoplasm

• located in the nucleus

• contain genetic material (DNA)

Multiple Choice

What is a eukaryote?

• A multi-celled organism with a true nucleus

• A multi-celled organism without a nucleus

• A single-celled organism with a true nucleus

• A single-celled organism without a nucleus

• True nucleus (Eu rhymes with True)

• DNA is inside a membrane

• Contains other membrane-bound organelles

​

eukaryotes

​

• Animal Cells

• Plants Cells​

Examples of eukaryotes

Multiple Choice

What kind of eukaryotic cell can make its own food and contains specialized organelles?

• Animal Cells

• Plant Cells

Multiple Choice

What kind of eukaryotic cell cannot make its own food and has to get it from another source?

• Animal Cells

• Plant Cells

• No true nucleus (Pro rhymes with no)

• Contains DNA

• Is a single-celled organism​

​

​

Prokaryotes​

Multiple Choice

What is a prokaryote?

• A multi-celled organism with no nucleus

• A single-celled organism with no nucleus

• A multi-celled organism with a true nucelus

• A multi-celled organism with no nucleus

Nucleus: CONTROLS the cell, contains the cell's DNA (genetic material)

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the genetic material that is inside the nucleus?

• ER
• ATP
• YOLO
• DNA

Multiple Choice

The brain or "control center" of the cell. 

• Mitochondria
• Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus

​Ribosomes

• ​produce proteins

• ​small round organelles

• ​on Eough ER

Question: What’s the difference between Mitochondria
and Chloroplasts?



Chloroplasts are EXCLUSIVE to plant cells,
whereas Mitochondria are found in BOTH
PLANTS AND ANIMALS!

Chloroplasts perform PHOTOSYNTHESIS
to make food for plants.

Mitochondria perform CELLULAR
RESPIRATION, to make energy for ALL
EUKARYOTIC organisms.

​Mitochondria: performs ENERGY CONVERSIONS

Multiple Choice

The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell because it completes all of the energy conversions.

• Agree

• Disagree

Chloroplast: absorbs sunlight and produces sugars during photosynthesis (only plant cells)

Multiple Choice

Which cell organelle is responsible for photosynthesis is a plant?

• Vacuole

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Why do plants need a chloroplast, but animals do not?

• Chloroplasts help plants with photosynthesis, a process animals do not do

• Chloroplasts are a gel-like fluid that animal cells do not contain

• Chloroplasts are in plant and animal cells

Vacuole: STORES water, nutrients and minerals

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of the vacuole in a cell?

• Store water, nutrients, and minerals for the cell

• Absorb sunlight and produce sugars

• Regulate what enters and exits the cell

• Perform energy conversions

Multiple Choice

Why is the vacuole so much LARGER in plant cells?

• Because plants require more water to be stored in order to complete photosynthesis

• It is not larger, they are the same size in plant and animal cells

• Because plants have less organelles so there is more space in the cells for a larger vacuole

Multiple Choice

I am found in all cells.

I am much larger in plant cells.

I store water and nutrients.

• Mitochondria

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

I store water in both plant and animal cells. What am I?

• cytoplasm
• ribosomes
• vacuole
• lysosomes

Multiple Choice

You might think of me as the trash collector, but recycler is maybe more accurate. What am I?

• cytoplasm
• lysosome
• vacuole
• ribosome

Multiple Choice

I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?

• vacuole
• ribosome
• endoplasmic reticulum
• golgi apparatus

Multiple Choice

"Post office" of the cell that packages proteins and fats: 

• Rough ER
• Smooth ER
• Golgi Apparatus
• Lysosome

Multiple Choice

"Garbage collectors" of the cell that remove waste: 

• Cell Membrane
• Centrioles
• Lysosomes
• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the vacuole?

• makes food for the cell

• directs a cell's activities

• stores food, water, or wastes