Fall ACP Review 2025 World Cultures

ACP Sem. 1 2025
World CULTURES

​Some government regulation and control but some freedom for individuals in economy.

Mixed Economy

​Communist. Centralized decision making. Government ownership of property and control.

​​Command

​Free Enterprise: No government involvement; Competition and profit, supply & demand.

Market

​Customs and traditions. Rural areas with little other opportunity. Bartering & Natural Resources .

Traditional

​Columbian Exchange: Ideals, disease, language, religion, foods and animals moving from Europe and Africa to The Americas. Mexican food in Texas and Arizona.

​​Trade and Migration

Colonization: The conquistadors forced their culture on the Aztecs, as did the Spanish, British and French on the Native Americans.

Force or War

​I go to Brazil and learn Brazilian culture. I watch tik-tok and learn about K-POP and Anime. I watch Indian movies and love BOLLYWOOD.

​​Travel and Media

​How wealthy is a country? GDP tells us how much wealth is in a society. Per capita: Per person.

​​GDP

% of population that can read and write by 15. Tells us about educational institutions in a society.

Literacy Rate

The average life span a person can expect to live in a given place: HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS.

​​Life Expectancy

​This tells us how developed a country is. Are there opportunities in a society? Life good?

​​Development

​European explorers discovered The Americas and then came to colonize them. DIFFUSION BY FORCE.

​​New World

​The exchange of ideas, culture, plants, animals between Europe & Africa across to The Americas,

​​Columbian Exchange

The Spanish, British, Portuguese and French colonized & changed culture. Brazil, Mexico, Canada and USA.

​​The 3 Gs

Towns developed near water. Water was essential for humans, plants and animals. It was also essential for trade and transportation. Most people traveled by boat, and then by horseback or wagons.

​​Development

The modernization of machines that created factories and migration from rural to urban areas. Less jobs in agriculture and more in manufacturing.

Industrial Revolution

Climate, landforms (like river valleys and plains), access to water bodies like coastlines and navigable rivers, soil quality, availability of natural resources, and topography. The U. K. became a powerhouse due to its geography. Italy, Spain/Portugal peninsulas did as well.

​Geography

Geography and Economics

​Roads, bridges, tunnels, airports, railroad tracks and shipping ports are examples of transportation infrastructure. Essential for tranport and trade.

​​Transportation Infrastructure

​The extraction of raw materials, that are often used in manufacturing of products.
Examples iron, metals, copper, gold, coal, silver, & diamonds.

Mining

Bringing in water from pipes, canals, sprinklers or man-made means. Ancient societies like the Aztecs were good at creating irrigation canals - which helped them thrive in agriculture.

​​Irrigation

Match

Match the following

• Mining

• Irrigation

• Transportation Infrastructure

Extraction of minerals from the earth

Water management for crop production

Development of roads and bridges

• Extraction of minerals from the earth

• Water management for crop production

• Development of roads and bridges

​Getting food and raw materials needed for production.

​​Agriculture, Mining and Forrestry

​Using the raw materials to create products to sell to consumers. FACTORIES

Manufacturing

​Sometimes called warehouses. Products are bought from the factory and sold in BULK to retailers.

​​Wholesale

Retail is the FINAL point of sale where consumers buy products for consumption. Wal- Mart, Macys, Amazon.

​​Retail

Multiple Choice

Which is the chronological order of production and consumption?

• Agriculture, Manufacturing, Wholesale, Retail

• Retail, Wholesale, Agriculture, Manufacturing

• Manufacturing, Wholesale, Retail, Agriculture

• Agriculture, Manufacturing, Retail, Wholesale

RULED BY MANY: Democracies, Constitutional Monarchies, Representative Democratic Republics. Power is decentralized.

​​RULED BY MANY (Voters)

​Oligarchies: Ruled by a few or a small group in the society: Wealthy few, religious group, racial group, only ONE political party.
Dictatorships: Rule by ONE.
Absolute Monarchs: RULED BY THE KING.

​​RULED BY FEW or ONE

Constitutional governments give rights to the people. The monarch has to follow the rules like everyone else. This is a limited government. It is like a democracy with a king. The King reigns but doesn't rule. Ruled by "many."

​​Constitutional Monarchy

Absolute monarchies are an unlimited government where the King is the ruler. He has all the power and it is an example of rule by one. People have only the rights that he gives them. He is like a dictator.

​​Absolute Monarchy

Multiple Choice

What is a constitutional monarchy?

• Where the monarch has absolute power.

• A government led by elected officials only.

• A government where a monarch's powers are limited by a constitution.

Match

Match the economic systems to its characteristics or meaning.

• Command economy

• Mixed economy

• Traditional economy

• Free Market

Centrally owned by the government

Public and private sectors

Customs, family, and historical basis

Private sector, profit, and minimal gov.

• Centrally owned by the government

• Public and private sectors

• Customs, family, and historical basis

• Private sector, profit, and minimal gov.

Multiple Choice

What is a command economy?

• A command economy is a market system driven by consumer choices.
• A command economy allows private ownership of production resources.
• Where the government controls all aspects of production and distribution.

• A command economy relies on free market principles for distribution.