Central Dogma: DNA-RNA-Protein

Multiple Choice

What is a gene?

• A segment of RNA that codes for a DNA strand, which in turn codes for a trait.

• A segment of DNA that codes for a RNA, which in turn codes for a trait.

• A segment of RNA that codes for a protein, which in turn codes for a trait.

• A segment of DNA that codes for a protein, which in turn codes for a trait.

Labelling

Label each key component of the DNA replication process.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Complementary strand

G-C pairing

Complementary Strand

Area where the Helicase is located

DNA Polymerase

A-T pairing

Multiple Choice

What is Central Dogma?

• The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to Protein

• The flow of genetic material from RNA to DNA to Protein

• The flow of genetic information from Protein to RNA to DNA

• The flow of genetic information from DNA to Protein to RNA

Match

Match the following terms to their definition.

• Translation

• Transcription

• Uracil

• Ribonucleic Acid

• Central Dogma

Occurs when the mRNA turns to Proteins

Makes RNA complementary strand from DNA

A RNA nitrogen containing base

2nd types of nucliec acid

the process of DNA-RNA-Proteins

• Occurs when the mRNA turns to Proteins

• Makes RNA complementary strand from DNA

• A RNA nitrogen containing base

• 2nd types of nucliec acid

• the process of DNA-RNA-Proteins

Reorder

Complete the order of Transcription

• RNA polymerase binds to the promoter section of DNA

• DNA unwinds and separates

• RNA polymerase adds nucleotides complementary to the DNA template strand

• Process ends once RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal on the DNA

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Match

Match the following terms and definitions

• RNA polymerase

• Promoter

• DNA Template

• Termination signal

Enzyme used to start making RNA from DNA

sequence that initiates transcription

strand of DNA that is copied

sequence that signals the end of transcription

• Enzyme used to start making RNA from DNA

• sequence that initiates transcription

• strand of DNA that is copied

• sequence that signals the end of transcription

Multiple Choice

How many codon codes and amino acids are there in translation?

• 20 codes 64 amino acids

• 64 codes and 20 amino acids

• 30 codes and 20 amino acids

• 20 codes and 20 amino acids

Match

Match the following

• Start codon(s)

• End codon(s)

• Codon usage

AUG

UAA, UAG, UGA

Varies by organism

• AUG

• UAA, UAG, UGA

• Varies by organism

Reorder

Order the following steps of translation

• Step ?-During translation, amino acids are assembled from information encoded in mRNA.

• Step ?- mRNA codons move through the ribosome, tRNA adds specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.

• Step ?- The process continues until a stop codon is reached and the newly made protein is released.

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

Why is Central Dogma important for organisms and in particular humans?

• The Central Dogma is important because it explains how genetic information is translated into functional proteins, which are vital for all biological processes in organisms, including humans.
• It outlines the evolutionary history of species.
• It explains the process of photosynthesis in plants.
• It describes how proteins can replicate themselves without DNA.