G12 Chem Organic Chem 14 Jan Lesson

S3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compounds

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Multiple Choice

9. What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

• 1-bromobutane

• 2-bromo-2-methylbutane

• 2-chloropropane

• 1-iodo-3-methylbutane

Multiple Choice

10. What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

• 1-bromobutane

• 2-bromo-2-methylbutane

• 2-chloropropane

• 1-iodo-3-methylbutane

Draw

11. Draw the displayed formula for the compound 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol

Isomers

Structural isomers are two or more compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas - the atoms are joined together in different ways (they have different connectivities).

​STRUCTURAL ISOMERS

​CHAIN ISOMERS

POSITION
ISOMERS

FUNCTIONAL
ISOMERS

Multiple Select

12. Identify the two compounds that are identical:

STERIOISOMERISM (HL ONLY)

STERIOISOMERISM (HL ONLY)

STERIOISOMERISM (HL ONLY)

cis-trans isomerism

​In cis-trans isomerism, two compounds have the same structural formula, but the groups are arranged differently in space around a double bond or a ring.

KEY POINT
cis: same side

trans: opposite sides

KEY POINT
cis-trans isomerism requires two different groups on both sides of the double bond.

STERIOISOMERISM (HL ONLY)

optical isomerism

Chirality
Molecules are described as chiral if mirror images of the molecule are non-superimposable.

KEY POINT
Chiral molecules contain an asymmetric carbon atom, a carbon atom with 4 different groups attached. This carbon atom is called the chirality centre (chiral centre).