GA & the New Deal

A New Deal for Georgia & the U.S.

​SS8H8c, SS8H8d, SS8H8e

• I can describe Eugene Talmadge's opposition to the New Deal Programs.

• I can discuss President Roosevelt's ties to Georgia, including his visits to Warm Springs and his impact on the state.

• I can examine the effects of the New Deal in terms of the impact of the Civilian Conservation Corps, Agriculture Adjustment Act, Rural Electrification Administration, and Social Security Administration.

​Time for Change

• When the stock market crashed in 1929, Herbert Hoover was President.

  • he did not want the federal government to be significantly involved in economic recovery

  • he thought businesses would spark the economy again, BUT they didn't & the economy continued to worsen

• In the next presidential election, the nation elected a new leader.

  • In 1932, Franklin Delaon Roosevelt (FDR) was elected President.

​Time for Change

• In 1932, Franklin Delaon Roosevelt (FDR) was elected President.

• He introduced a national plan to get the U.S. out of the Great Depression called the New Deal

• New Deal:

  • a series of programs designed to help the country recover after the Great Depression

  • 3 goals:

    • reduce unemployment by creating jobs

    • provide relief for struggling citizens to jump-start the economy

    • to reform or change the way Americans did business to prevent a crisis from happening again

Multiple Choice

Which answer is NOT one of the goals of the New Deal program created by Franklin D. Roosevelt?

• Reduce unemployment by creating jobs and putting Americans back to work

• Create new amendments to the U.S. Constitution to prevent another Depression

• Provide relief for struggling citizens to jump-start the American economy

• Reform the way Americans did business to prevent a crisis from happening again

​The New Deal was a BIG Deal

• New Deal:

  • a series of programs designed to help the country recover after the Great Depression

• Examples of New Deal programs:

  • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

  • Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

  • Rural Electrification Administration (REA)

  • Social Security Administration (SSA)

​The New Deal was a BIG Deal

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

  • mission: to put young American men back to work preserving the nation's natural resources

  • workers signed up for a specific term of service (usually 6 months) & lived in camps

  • most projects involved soil conservation, tree planting & flood control

  • projects in Georgia:

    • planting trees in Chattahoochee National Forest

    • improving parks such as the Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park & Cloudland Canyon State Park

    • helping construct the Appalachian Trail

​The New Deal was a BIG Deal

• Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

  • set up a system that paid farmers a subsidy to plant less cotton & other crops, including tobacco and peanuts

  • why??

    • this would make the supply of each crop go down and drive the price up so farmers could make a profit

  • also encouraged farmers to grow a variety of crops and not depend on just one or two

​The New Deal was a BIG Deal

• In 1935, 97% of Georgia farms had NO electricity

• Rural Electrification Administration (REA)

  • offered low-interest loans to local groups who formed organizations, called cooperatives, to build power lines in rural areas

  • also encouraged rural families & businesses to invest in new electrical technology

• By 1950, most of the farms in Georgia had power/electricity

​The New Deal was a BIG Deal

• Social Security Administration (SSA)

  • created insurance for elderly, unemployed, & disabled people that provides payments to them

    • through tax contributions made by employees & their employers

  • basically, when you get a job, money is taken out of your paychecks to go towards Social Security

    • this money goes into a fund & is then used to pay the elderly, unemployed or disabled

• Social Security became a major campaign issue during Georgia's 1936 election

Match

Match the New Deal program to the picture that represents it

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

Rural Electrification Administration REA

Social Security Administration (SSA)

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

• Rural Electrification Administration REA

• Social Security Administration (SSA)

​Roosevelt's Ties to Georgia

• President Franklin D. Roosevelt was very familiar with the state of Georgia.

• He had a disease called polio

  • beginning in 1924, he visited the town of Warm Springs frequently for polio therapy

    • the warm waters helped to fight off the effects of paralysis in the legs

• He established the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation in 1927, which is a recovery facility

• He built a home nearby after his election in 1932

  • this home became known as the "Little White House"

​Roosevelt's Ties to Georgia

• Many Georgians were fond of President Roosevelt because of his ties to Warm Springs.

• Experts say that his exposure to rural Georgia and its problems during the Great Depression helped him to:

  • create the effective New Deal programs

  • help with economic or social problems in rural areas

• FDR's impact on Georgia was far & wide

  • He established a recovery facility in Warm Springs

  • His New Deal policies helped Georgians

    • agricultural policies assisted farmers

    • social security policies helped the elderly, unemployed & disabled

    • work programs created jobs for the umemployed

Multiple Choice

Which answer is NOT an example of Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia?

• Provided assistance to elderly, unemployed, and disabled people

• Visited Warm Springs, GA for polio therapy

• Was born and grew up in Atlanta, GA

• Established a polio recovery facility and New Deal policies for Georgian farmers

Multiple Select

Franklin Roosevelt grew up in a wealthy family in New York.

How do you think the time he spent in the mostly rural, poorer state of Georgia helped him as president during the Depression? (Choose 2)

• Influenced him to fight for northern causes

• Impacted the types of programs he put in place as president

• Changed his mind on the necessities of polio recovery centers

• Allowed him to see firsthand the hardships and suffering that occurred in poor, rural areas

​Opposition to the New Deal

• Not everyone in Georgia supported the New Deal

• One prominent critic was Eugene Talmadge, who was elected governor of Georgia in 1932

• Why he disagreed with the New Deal:

  • believed that the New Deal programs overstepped the powers of the federal government

    • he thought the state should have more control

  • opposed business regulations & programs that provided direct aid to poor or unemployed people

  • opposed any programs that attempted to treat black and white people equally

    • did not want New Deal programs to improve the status of blacks in GA

​Opposition to the New Deal

• As governor, Talmadge did his best to keep President Roosevelt's New Deal programs out of GA

  • many programs required the states to manage or implement them, and he did not cooperate

• Talmadge was a force in Georgia politics from 1926 to 1946

  • he served 3 terms as commissioner of agriculture & 3 terms as governor of GA

  • he appealed to Georgia's farmers & other rural residents becuase he fought for their economic interests

    • they backed him

  • he opposed civil rights for African Americans in GA

  • if he anyone opposed him, he simply removed them & appointed someone new

Categorize

Options (5)

He supported equal pay for black & white workers.

He supported FDR's New Deal programs.

He supported GA's farmers & was liked by them.

He was in power in GA for 20 years.

He believe the New Deal programs overstepped the power of the federal gvt.

Decide whether the statements about Eugene Talmadge are true or false.

True

False