Stage 10 Prepositions

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

What is a preposition?

A preposition is a word—and almost always a very small, very common word—that shows the relationship between words. They show direction, location, or time, or introduce an object.

I sent a letter to you. (To shows the direction of the letter and you.)

Someone is at the door. (At shows the location of someone relative to the door.)

We will arrive by noon. (By shows the relative time we will arrive--noon.)

She brought a basket of apples. (Of shows what the basket is holding--apples.)

Dropdown

A preposition shows the ​

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between words.

Multiple Choice

Which word is the preposition?: He ran from his enemy.

• he

• ran

• from

• his

Multiple Choice

Which word is the preposition?: I placed my book under my desk.

• placed

• my

• book

• under

Multiple Choice

Which word is the preposition?: The rabbit jumped over the fence.

• rabbit

• jumped

• over

• fence

Preposition + Accusative

In Latin, a preposition is followed by a word in the accusative or ablative case. This is a prepositional phrase.

Some prepositions that take an accusative case word are: ad (toward), ante (before/in front of), per (through), and post (after).

E.g. ad villam (toward the villa), ante ianuam (in front of the door), per vias (through the streets), post cenam (after dinner).

IN YOUR NOTES: List the prepositions that take the accusative and their definitions.

​Nota Bene:

Accusative singular endings: -am, -um, -em

Accusative Plural Endings: -as, -os, -es

Multiple Choice

ad navem

• toward the ship

• over the ship

• under the ship

• away from the ship

Multiple Choice

post bellum

• before the war

• during the war

• after the war

• away from the war

Multiple Choice

ante lucem

• before dawn

• after dawn

• during dawn

• under dawn

Multiple Choice

per montes

• under the mountains

• over the mountains

• between the mountains

• through the mountains

Drag and Drop

Through the forest = per silv​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

am

a

ae

Dropdown

after the day = post di​

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Draw

Draw the following: ego ad navem ambulo.

Vocabulary: ego; I, navis, -is (m.); ship, ambulo, -are, -avi; walk

Draw

Draw the following: canis per viam cucurrit.

Vocabulary: canis, -is (m.); dog, via, -ae (f.); street, curro, -ere, cucurri; run

Preposition + Ablative

In Latin, some prepositions are followed by a word in the ablative case.

Some prepositions that take an ablative case word are: a/ab (away from), e/ex (out of), de (down from/about), and cum (with). (Note: It's a and e in front of consonants, ab and ex in front of vowels.)

E.g. a villā (away from the villa), ex atrio (out of the atrium),
de tecto (down from the roof), de naturā (about nature), cum amicis (with friends).

​Nota Bene:

Ablative singular endings: -ā, -o, -e

Ablative Plural Endings: -is, -ibus

​ IN YOUR NOTES: List the prepositions that take the ablative and their definitions.

Multiple Choice

e culinā

• out of the kitchen

• into the kitchen

• toward the kitchen

• in the kitchen

Multiple Choice

ab atrio

• in the atrium

• through the atrium

• away from the atrium

• around the atrium

Multiple Choice

de mensā

• down from the table

• away from the table

• onto the table

• under the table

Multiple Choice

Which means "about friendship"?

• ab amicitiā

• ex amicitiā

• de amicitiā

• in amicitiā

Multiple Choice

cum patribus

• toward the fathers

• with the fathers

• about the fathers

• away from the fathers

Dropdown

down from the mountains = de mont​

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Dropdown

with his daughters = cum fili​

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Draw

Draw the following: Grumio e culinā ambulabat.

Vocabulary: Grumio is the name of the cook, culina, -ae (f.); kitchen, ambulo, -are; walk

Draw

Draw the following: "De arbore folia decidunt."

Vocabulary: arbor, arboris (m.); tree, folia, -ae (f.); leaf, decido, -ere; fall

Preposition + Accusative OR Ablative

Some prepositions can take an ablative case word OR an accusative case word. In this case, the ablative version usually denotes a static position and the accusative version usually denotes movement toward.

Some prepositions that take an accusative OR ablative case word are: in (abl = in, acc = into), sub (abl = [staying] under, acc = [going] under), super (abl = [staying] over, acc = [going] over)

E.g. in villam (into the villa); in villa (in the villa), sub arborem (under the tree), super mare (over the sea)

IN YOUR NOTES: List the prepositions that take both cases and their definitions.

Multiple Choice

in foro

• in the forum

• into the forum

Multiple Choice

in urbem

• in the city

• into the city

Multiple Choice

sub terram

• [going] under the ground

• [staying] under the ground

Multiple Choice

sub terrā

• [going] under the ground

• [staying] under the ground

Dropdown

he runs over the streets = super vi​

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currit

Dropdown

She stands over her son. = super fili​

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stat

Draw

Draw the following: mater in horto sedet.

mater, matris (f.); mother, hortum, -i (n.); garden, sedeo, -ere; sit

Draw

Draw the following: pater in hortum venit.

pater, patris (m.); father, hortum, -i (n.); garden, venio, -ire; come