U3S1.2 DNA, Chromosomes & Genes

U4S1.2 DNA, Chromosomes & Genes

Open Ended

Describe how chromosomes contain genetic information.

1. Describe how chromosomes contain genetic information.

2. Explain how the genetic information contained in DNA results in specific traits.

Success Criteria:

Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring (HS-LS3-1).

• For example, formulate, refine, and evaluate empirically testable questions that arise from  examining a model or theory to clarify the relationship between DNA and chromosomes to help understand their respective functions.

Learning Intention:

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​Answer questions 1-3 on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

Select the option that is the best example of the environment influencing a genetic trait.

• Water is clear.

• Seasonal changes in rabbit fur color.
• The quacking of ducks.

• The color of a car in a parking lot.

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​Answer questions 4-7 on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

What is a gene?

• A gene is a molecule that carries oxygen in the blood.
• A gene is a segment of DNA that encodes instructions for protein synthesis.
• A gene is a type of cell that helps in digestion.
• A gene is a type of protein found in cells.

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​Answer questions 8-10 on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

In the relaxed state, the genes stored in the DNA that makes up chromosomes are...

• not accessible

• easily accessible

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​Answer questions 11 on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

Proteins are important because...

• Proteins perform vital functions in the body and make up most of the body's structure.

• Proteins are primarily found in fruits and vegetables.
• Proteins are not essential for muscle growth.
• Proteins are only used for energy storage.

Multiple Choice

Each protein is synthesized (built) according to a speciific set of genetic instructions called a

• enzyme

• protein blueprint
• gene

• book

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​Answer questions 12-15 on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

Select the option that is the best example of genetic variation:

• All humans have the same hair color
• The number of chromosomes in a human cell
• Different eye colors in humans
• Identical twins have no genetic differences

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​Answer questions 12-15 on your worksheet

Categorize

Options (4)

Individuals with 1 copy of the sickle cell mutation are more resistant to malaria, a disease

Some populations have developed mutations that allow adults to digest lactose (sugar in milk)

BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutations: Increase breast and ovarian cancer risks, affecting health and survival.

Cystic Fibrosis Mutation: Causes thick mucus in lungs, causing respiratory and digestive issues

Mutations are sometimes helpful, and sometimes harmful. Place these genetic mutations into the proper category.

Helpful Genetic Mutations

Harmful Genetic Mutations

Multiple Choice

What is a source of genetic variation in which a nucleotide or several nucleotides are removed from a gene?

• Natural selection
• Genetic drift
• Environmental factors
• Mutation

Open Ended

Describe how chromosomes contain DNA.

--> BE SURE TO WRITE YOUR ANSWER ON YOUR PAPER!

Open Ended

Explain how the genetic information contained in DNA results in specific traits.

Use the terms chromosome, DNA strand, gene, protein and trait in your answer.

--> BE SURE TO WRITE YOUR ANSWER ON YOUR PAPER!