Genetic Engineering

Multiple Choice

What is the primary role of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

• Amplify DNA fragments

• Cut DNA at specific sequences

• Transport DNA into bacterial cells

• Repair damaged DNA

Multiple Choice

Why is heat shock often used in bacterial transformation experiments?

• To sterilize the bacterial culture

• To denature plasmid DNA for easier uptake

• To make the bacterial membrane more permeable to DNA

• To increase the activity of restriction enzymes

Multiple Choice

What are the scientists primarily analyzing when using gel electrophoresis?

• The length and size of DNA fragments

• The ability of DNA to replicate

• The rate at which bacteria transform DNA

• The sequence of DNA nucleotides

Multiple Choice

What ensures that only the desired gene is inserted into the host organism in creating a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

• Using a vector with multiple genes

• Using restriction enzymes and DNA ligase

• Applying heat to denature host DNA

• Using high doses of antibiotics during transformation

Multiple Choice

What happens to bacterial cells that do not take up the plasmid containing the antibiotic resistance gene during transformation?

• They grow faster than transformed cells

• They become naturally resistant to the antibiotic

• They form a biofilm to protect against the antibiotic

• They die when exposed to the antibiotic

Multiple Choice

A genetically modified crop is resistant to pests due to a gene introduced from bacteria. What is the most likely method by which this resistance works?

• The plant produces a toxin that kills pests

• The plant repels pests through altered leaf color

• The plant grows faster, leaving pests unable to feed

• The plant absorbs pests through its roots