Europe International Organizations

European International

Organizations

Unit 5.8

Objective

WG 14C: Analyze the human and physical factors that influence control of
territories and resources, conflict/war, and international organizations such as the
United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU).

Vocabulary

●Supranational Organizations:

○An alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals.

○Economic, Social/Cultural, Political, Military or Environmental

○Typically regional in scale, but there are some globalized -> United Nations

Supranational Organizations

●

Positives of Supranational Organizations
○Decrease conflict and promote cooperation between member states.

○Environmental Sustainability -> The Arctic Council works together to research
climate change, wildlife conservation, and ocean health.

Supranational Organizations

●

Positives of Supranational Organizations
○Economies of Scale -> Increased trade and bargaining power in order to
make more money for the member nations. (ASEAN, EU)

○Reduction of trade barriers, embargoes and tariffs, encouraging free trade

○Collective Defense -> For military organizations, an attack against one Ally is
considered as an attack against all Allies.

Negatives of Supranational Organizations

●

Can challenge state sovereignty by
limiting the economic or political
actions of member states.
○European Union
■Open Borders

■“Single Market” - Free trade,
movement of goods, services, and
money.

■Common Currency - Euro

■Environmental Policy

■Membership costs $$

■Equal participation of all members?

Purpose: The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after
the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international
peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting
social progress, better living standards and human rights.

The United Nations is comprised of 193
member countries.
Year Founded: 1945

The UN has 4 main purposes

1.

To keep peace throughout the world;

2.

To develop friendly relations among nations;

3.

To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer
hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other’s
rights and freedoms;

4.

To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NATO

Founded in 1949

NATO is a security alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe.
NATO's fundamental goal is to safeguard the Allies' freedom and security by
political and military means.

NATO

●NATO allies have provided training for tens of thousands of Ukrainian
soldiers, and since March 2022, they have also delivered more than 150
billion euros in support, including 65 billion euros in military aid.

Purpose: WTO agreements require governments to make their trade
policies transparent by notifying the WTO about laws in force and
measures adopted.
The WTO agreements cover goods, services and intellectual property.
They spell out the principles of liberalization, and the permitted
exceptions. They include individual countries’ commitments to lower
customs tariffs and other trade barriers, and to open and keep open
services markets. They set procedures for settling disputes.
Year Founded: 1995. WTO was formerly known as General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

The rules for WTO includes
“services” & intellectual property

Services are everything that is not
a manufactured good. Such as:
•Banking
•Sales
•Shipping
Sometimes referred to as the “service economy”.

Remember this: There is great tension
between the US and China regarding trade.
Many of the trade disputes are settled by the
WTO.

European
Union

Purpose: The EU was founded in 1945. Promoting
peace and security and respecting fundamental
rights and freedoms of member states.

EU member countries (27) benefit from a shared currency, borderless
trade, also known as the The Schengen Area. The area has officially
abolished all passport and all other types of border control at their
mutual borders. The area mostly functions as a single jurisdiction for
international travel purposes, with a common visa policy.
Year Founded: 1945

BREXIT

●The withdrawal of the UK from the
EU, or Britain’s EXIT from the EU.

●31st January 2020 after a
referendum in 2016 asked “Should
the UK remain a member of the EU
or leave the EU?”

○Over 33.5 million people voted. About
52% of voters voted to leave the EU

Why? BREXIT

Arguments to leave:

●Britain is a stable prosperous
country, and they felt they should not
have to help other member countries
who are in debt or crisis.

●They did not want to adhere to
“foreign” regulations

●Not happy with the influx of
foreigners after the EU was formed.
UK foreign-born population doubled
from 1993 to 2014

Arguments to stay:

●Easier access to goods and services.
Via trade

●Stronger currency that can compete
with the world.

●Citizens could not freely travel to
other European countries.

Brexit Aftermath

●The UK is estimated to be 5.5%
poorer than it would have been if it
stayed in the EU.

●British citizens can not freely travel
to the remaining 27 EU countries
anymore, however, the British
people who moved before BREXIT
can remain where they are.

●BREXIT has been deemed a
failure. Many British citizens and
politicians have expressed their
remorse having left the EU.

Multiple Choice

What does the 'Single Market' in the European Union allow?

• Restricted movement of goods

• Free trade and movement of goods, services, and money

• Increased tariffs

• Limited economic cooperation

Multiple Choice

Which organization is known for maintaining international peace and security?

• World Trade Organization

• European Union

• United Nations

• NATO

Multiple Choice

Which organization includes countries from both Europe and North America?

• NATO

• European Union

• World Trade Organization

• United Nations

Multiple Choice

What is the primary purpose of the United Nations?

• To establish a global currency system.
• To promote individual national interests.
• To regulate international trade agreements.
• To promote international peace and security.

Multiple Choice

What is one of the goals of the United Nations?

• Developing friendly relations among nations

• Creating a universal tax system

• Promoting space exploration

• Establishing a single global language

Multiple Choice

Which organization is represented by the logo in the image?

• World Health Organization
• United Nations
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• NATO

Multiple Choice

What role does the UN play in harmonizing actions of nations?

• 
  To control the military of member states

• To manage the economies of all nations

• To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals

• To dictate policies to all countries

Multiple Choice

Which organization is represented by the flag shown in the image?

• UN
• EU
• ASEAN
• NATO

Multiple Choice

What is the fundamental goal of NATO?

• 
  To expand territory

• 
  To control global trade

• To safeguard the Allies' freedom and security

• To promote economic growth

Multiple Choice

What organization has provided training for tens of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers?

• EU
• OSCE
• NATO
• UN