Protein Synthesis

WALT: Compare and contrast DNA and RNA

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Analogy

RIBONUCLEIC ACID

RNA is SINGLE STRANDED and does
not have to stay in the nucleus! It is
small enough to pass through the cell
membrane.

RNA reads the DNA code and take the
information out of the nucleus.

RNA’s main job is to build proteins!

RNA vs. DNA

•The sugar in RNA is ribose

•RNA is single-stranded

•RNA contains uracil

•RNA can leave the nucleus

•RNA is a “copy”

•The sugar in DNA is
deoxyribose
•DNA is double-stranded
•DNA contains thymine
•DNA stays in the nucleus
•DNA is the “original”

WALT: Transcribe

DNA to RNA

Do Now

What is one difference
between DNA and RNA?

What is the building

block for nucleic

acids like dna and rna

What is the building
block for proteins?

Proteins

But how do we go

from

nucleotides to

Amino Acids?

Protein Synthesis

2 STEPS TO MAKE A
PROTEIN

1.
Transcription

�
DNA → RNA

2.
Translation

�
RNA → Protein
(Chain of amino
acids)

Transcription

1. DNA “Unzips”

2. New RNA bases attach to 1 side only

3.The newly “copied” strand of RNA leaves the

nucleus

Practice Transcription

A DNA molecule is unzipped with the following sequence
revealed on its strand.

G C A A G T A C C C T G

What is its complementary mRNA strand?
C G U U C A U G G G A C

WALT: Translate

RNA to Amino Acids

Do Now

What is one difference
between DNA and RNA?

•DNA → RNA
•Nucleus → leaving nucleus into cytoplasm
towards the ribosome

•Next is…
•RNA → Protein

So now we have…

Translation

1. Takes the message on mRNA and converts it

into an amino acid chain(In ribosomes)

2. Individual
amino acids will
join to form a
protein.