Foundations of Government Review Lesson

Foundations of Government
Unit Review

Types of Governments

The next questions will review different types of government.

Match

Match the type of government to the correct definition.

• There is no government.

• People vote directly on laws.

• There is a king or queen that is limited by a constitution and usually has little power.

• There is a king or queen with total control of the government.

anarchy

direct democracy

constitutional monarchy

absolute monarchy

• anarchy

• direct democracy

• constitutional monarchy

• absolute monarchy

Match

Match the type of government to the correct definition.

• The laws are based on a religious tradition or text.

• A small group of people control the government and have power.

• People vote on leaders to make laws for them.

• There is one leader who took control by force.

theocracy

oligarchy

representative democracy

dictatorship

• theocracy

• oligarchy

• representative democracy

• dictatorship

Answer Review

Oligarchy - F
Theocracy - E
Constitutional Monarchy - C
Anarchy - A

Absolute Monarchy - D
Dictatorship - H
Direct Democracy - B
Representative Democracy - G

Types of Government Examples

Select the type or types of government described in the following questions.

These are in the same order as on your paper.

Multiple Select

Vatican City is led by the Pope, who is also the Bishop of Rome. The legislative branch is a group of cardinals chosen by the Pope. The legal system is based on the canon law of the Catholic Church.

• absolute monarchy

• direct democracy

• theocracy

• anarchy

• representative democracy

Multiple Choice

Rhodesia, a country in southern Africa that existed from 1965-1979 (now the territory of the modern country of Zimbabwe), declared independence and from the British government and created a constitution where white citizens, who were in the minority, had complete control of the government and society.

• direct democracy

• theocracy

• oligarchy

• absolute monarchy

• anarchy

Multiple Select

In Spain, there is a king who has a mostly symbolic role. The people elect their legislature, the Parliament. The Prime Minister carries out the day-to-day governing duties.

• absolute monarchy

• constitutional monarchy

• direct democracy

• representative democracy

• oligarchy

Multiple Choice

Julius Caesar, a Roman politician, took complete control of the government after a civil war. In 44 B.C.E., he declared himself leader for life.

• dictatorship

• direct democracy

• representative democracy

• oligarchy

• anarchy

Multiple Choice

In ancient Athens, citizens voted directly on laws to make decisions every day. There was no elected leader.

• dictatorship

• direct democracy

• representative democracy

• anarchy

Influential British Documents

Influential British Documents

The next two slides will have questions about the three British documents we studied.

First, you need to put them in order chronologically.

Second, you will match them to the correct description.

Reorder

Reorder the following documents to put them in order from earliest (first) to latest (third).

• Magna Carta

• Petition of Right

• English Bill of Rights

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Match

Match the document with the correct description.

• This first document to establish rule of law in English history limited the power of the monarch, described basic rights, and instituted government by agreement.

• This document increased the power of Parliament and prevented the king from raising taxes without their agreement, banned the quartering of soldiers in private homes without owner’s consent, and guaranteed habeas corpus.

• This document reaffirmed the rights and principles in previous documents, guaranteeing rights and freedoms for citizens, limiting the power of the monarch, and establishing a representative government.

Magna Carta

Petition of Rights

English Bill of Rights

• Magna Carta

• Petition of Rights

• English Bill of Rights

Enlightenment Philosophers

Match the philosophers to their ideas.

Match

Match the philosopher to their ideas.

• believed people are violent and war-like in a state of nature; ideal government was a strong monarchy to control the people

• believed that humans have natural rights and the purpose of government is only to protect those rights; people have the right to revolt; social contract exists to protect rights

• argued that a government must have separation of power and checks and balances

• believed society corrupts people; ideal government is a direct democracy where majority rule shows the general will

Thomas Hobbes

John Locke

Charles Montesquieu

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Charles Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

He believed that people are naturally evil, or hateful, in the state of nature so a strong government is required to control them.

​

Hateful Hobbes

He believed the government should be limited to protecting people's rights (to life, liberty, and property).

​

Limited Locke

His idea of separation of powers and checks and balances still influence our modern government.

​

Modern Montesquieu

He believed that people are rational and should speak for themselves in a direct democracy.

​

​Rational Rousseau

Review the following information about the Declaration of Independence.

Declaration of Independence

Who was responsible for drafting and signing the Declaration of Independence?

Multiple Choice

Which group was responsible for drafting the Declaration of Independence?

• Parliament

• Continental Congress

• General Assembly

• Supreme Court

Why was the Declaration of Independence written?

Multiple Select

Select two purposes of the Declaration of Independence.

• to announce their independence and reasons to the world

• to declare separation from England

• to announce a war with France

• to congratulate John Locke on publishing his book

• to offer a trade deal to France

Important Principles

Match

Match the definition to the correct principle.

• people are given rights at birth that cannot be taken away

• everyone, including leaders, must follow the law

• the people are the source of the government's power and authority

natural rights

rule of law

popular sovereignty

• natural rights

• rule of law

• popular sovereignty

Multiple Choice

Which principle is shown in this quote:

"That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just power from the consent of the governed..."

• natural rights

• rule of law

• popular sovereignty

Multiple Choice

Which principle is shown in this quote:

"That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new Government, laying its foundation on such principles…”

• natural rights

• rule of law

• popular sovereignty

Multiple Choice

Which principle is shown in this quote:

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”

• natural rights

• rule of law

• popular sovereignty

Word Cloud

Write 1-2 words about how you feel after this review activity.