Nonmetals

Nonmetals

Lesson 2

• Nonmetals are elements that are usually gases or solids at room temperature.

• Solid nonmetals are not malleable or ductile. They are brittle or powdery.

• Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity because the electrons in nonmetals are not free to move like they are in metals.

Properties of Nonmetals

Multiple Select

What are properties of nonmetals

• brittle

• not good conductor

• shiny

• malleable

• powdery

• Nonmetals are found on the right side of the periodic table (except hydrogen).

• Most of the most common elements in the human body are nonmetals.

Properties of Nonmetals

Multiple Choice

The most common elements in the human body are ________. 

• metal

• nonmetal

• metalloids

• halogens

• Nonmetals gain electrons and form negative ions when they form ionic bonds with metals.

• Nonmetals usually form covalent bonds and share electrons when bonding with other nonmetals.

Properties of Nonmetals

• Hydrogen is by far the most common element in the universe.

• Hydrogen is highly reactive. It combines with metals to
form hydrides. It bonds with
oxygen to form water.

• In elemental form, hydrogen is a gas formed of
diatomic molecules, which
are 2 atoms of the same
element in a covalent bond.

Hydrogen

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a formula for a diatomic molecule? 

• O2
• N2O
• CO2
• H2O

• The halogens are in group 17 on the periodic table.

• Halogens are highly reactive. Halogen atoms
have 7 electrons in their
outer energy levels.

• When a halogen gains an electron from a metal, a salt is formed.

• Fl is used to prevent tooth decay. Cl and Br are used to disinfect water.

The Halogens

Multiple Choice

Which element is the most reactive of all nonmetals? 

• Nitrogen
• Fluorine
• Oxygen
• Chlorine

Multiple Choice

What forms when a halogen gains an electron from a metal? 

• Salt

• Halogen gas
• Metal ion
• Covalent bond

• Atoms of the noble gases have full outer energy levels.

• They exist as isolated atoms. They do not naturally
combine with other atoms.

• Helium is used in blimps and balloons. Neon and Argon
are used for “neon” signs.

• Noble gases are also used in lasers.

The Noble Gases

Multiple Choice

Which elements are the least reactive?

• Alkali metals
• Transition metals
• Halogens
• Noble gases