Unit 1 Lesson 2

Form Correct Sentences

Vocabulary

• phrase: a group of words that work together in a sentence but cannot stand alone

  • verb phrase, prepositional phrase, appositive phrase

• clause: a group of words that contains a subject and a verb

• independent clause: can stand alone as a sentence

• dependent clause: cannot stand alone and must be connected to an independent clause

Vocabulary

• appositive phrase: follows a noun or noun phrase to rename it or give more information about the noun

  • usually offset with commas or dashes

• conjunctions: can begin dependent clauses

  • after, as, before, since, though, until, when, while, ETC.

• dangling modifier: a group of descriptive words placed incorrectly in a sentence

Phrases

Verb phrases, prepositional phrases, and appositive phrases

Verb Phrases

​made up of a verb plus its auxiliary, or helping, verbs

a verb phrase expresses tense such as past, present, or future

Past tense: He had been sitting in traffic for an hour.
Present tense: The sun is setting slowly over the mountains.
Future tense: Tonya will have completed her assignment before the due date.

Multiple Choice

Identify the verb phrase in this sentence:

Did you know that Parker and Logan are taking the bus to school?

• Did you

• are taking

• to school

• know

Multiple Choice

Identify the verb phrase in the following sentence:

Sara, Abby, and Susan were watching some dogs run across the beach.

• were watching

• run across

• some dogs

• the beach

Multiple Choice

Identify the verb phrase in the following sentence:

Have Brody, Daven, and Jett been sitting in the hallway all afternoon?

• Have Brody

• all afternoon

• been sitting

• in the hallway

Multiple Choice

Identify the verb phrase in the following sentence:

Marni and Annabelle should have been taking a break, but they kept on working.

• they kept

• on working

• should have been taking

• but they

Prepositional Phrases

​gives specific information about where, when, or why

Prepositional phrases will begin with the preposition and end with a noun or pronoun.

Where: I placed the letter in the mailbox.
When: The parking lot was empty after the concert.
Why: My cousin made a special dessert for our family reunion.

Multiple Choice

Choose the prepositional phrase in the following sentence:

Putting her papers under her desk, Mrs. Immordino felt like her desk was clean.

• under her desk

• putting her papers

• felt like her desk

• desk was clean

Multiple Choice

Choose the prepositional phrase in the following sentence:

Walter knew his cat’s life would change after the accident.

• his cat’s life would change

• Walter knew his cat’s life

• would change after the accid

• after the accident

Multiple Choice

Choose the prepositional phrase in the following sentence:

Over the years we have learned to study hard.

• the years

• have learned to

• over the years

• study hard

Multiple Choice

Choose the prepositional phrase in the following sentence:

We pulled the oars through the muddy water.

• We pulled

• the oars

• through the muddy water

• oars through

Appositive Phrases

​gives more information about the noun before it

Appositive words and phrases are usually offset by commas or dashes

Sue's uncle, a well-known scientist, write a book about the solar system.
The dog, a huge Rottweiler with droopy jowls, climbed onto my lap.
Tonight for dinner we're having my favorite meal- macaroni and cheese.

Multiple Choice

What is the appositive in the sentence below?

John, where are you moving? I am moving to the best state in America- Texas.

• John
• Texas
• no appositive

Multiple Choice

What is the appositive in the sentence below?

I lost my silver necklace, a present from my mother, at the Carnival.

• I lost my silver necklace
• a present from my mother
• at the Carnival
• I lost my silver

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• My sister, the tall one is about to enter high school.

• My sister the tall one is about to enter high school.

• My sister the tall one, is about to enter high school.

• My sister, the tall one, is about to enter high school.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• Roald Dahl a famous children's author wrote many of his books in pencil on yellow legal pads.

• Roald Dahl, a famous children's author, wrote many of his books in pencil on yellow legal pads.

• Roald Dahl, a famous children's author wrote many of his books in pencil on yellow legal pads.

• Roald Dahl a famous children's author, wrote many of his books in pencil on yellow legal pads.

• cannot stand alone and must be connected to an independent clause

• will start with a conjunction

When Ava went to the grocery store to buy eggs . . .

​Dependent Clause

can stand alone as a sentence

Ava went to the grocery store to buy eggs.

​Independent Clause

Independent and Dependent Clauses

Independent clauses

​can stand alone as a complete sentence