Succession and Benchmark Review

Multiple Choice

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

• soil

• no soil

• some soil

• none of these

Multiple Choice

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

• foundational organisms

• introductory organisms

• primary organisms

• pioneer species

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

• Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

• Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

• Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community

• Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

Multiple Choice

What is an example of a disturbance that could bring about secondary succession?

• Humans cut down many trees in a small region

• A volcanic eruption covers a village in lava.

Multiple Choice

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• ecological succession
• secondary succession
• intermediate

Multiple Choice

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quadanary

Multiple Choice

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

• Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

• Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

• Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

• Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

Multiple Choice

If there is no subscript, how many atoms of that element are there?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 0

Multiple Choice

What elements are represented in this chemical formula? $$Fe_2O_3$$  

• Iron, Oxygen

• Francium, Europium, Oxygen

• Ferrium, Oxygen

• Berylium, Oxygen

Multiple Choice

How many atoms of each element are in the formula below?

4CF₂Cl₂

• C = 4, F = 4, Cl = 2

• C = 1, F = 8, Cl = 8

• C = 4, F = 8, Cl = 8

• C = 1, F = 4, Cl = 8

Multiple Choice

How many oxygen atoms are in the products for the chemical reaction below?
$$4Fe\ +\ 3O_{2\ }\rightarrow\ 2Fe_2O_3$$  

• 2

• 3

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

In a reaction A + B ----> C,  reactant A has 5g and product  C has 9g. How many grams does reactant B should have? 

• 4g
• 5g
• 9g
• 14g

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example that includes evidence of a chemical reaction?

• A sample of zinc is placed in water and it settles to the bottom
• A solid block of ice is heated and it completely melts into a liquid. 
• Sugar that is burned gives off an odor and turns brown and then black.
• A tomato is placed into a blender and chopped up into smaller pieces.

Multiple Select

Which of the following observations indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place?  Select TWO correct answers.

• liquid water evaporating as a result of thermal energy from the sun

• two solutions being mixed together and a solid is formed

• condensation on the window of a house on a cold day

• a sugar cube dissolving after it has been dropped in a glass of water

• gas bubbles forming as a cake is baking in the oven

Multiple Choice

The picture shows an aerialist walking on a tightrope and holding a balancing bar.

An action-reaction pair of forces exists between-

• the aerialist's feet and the rope

• the rope and the balancing bar

• the two ends of the rope

• the aerialist's arms and legs

Multiple Choice

What will happen when these two trucks collide?

• The blue truck will keep moving forward.

• Both move to the right, but the blue truck moves with more acceleration.

• Both trucks move to the left.

• Both move backwards, but the small truck moves with more acceleration.

Multiple Choice

The masses of four objects are given in this table. If all objects are struck with the same amount of force, which one will have the greatest acceleration?

• Object 1
• Object 2
• Object 3
• Object 4

Multiple Choice

If a 10 kilogram object accelerates suddenly at 15 m/s², how much force was applied to the object?

• 150 Newtons
• 15 Newtons
• 150 kilograms
• 100 kilograms

Multiple Choice

What is the acceleration of a softball if it has a mass of 0.5 kg and hits the catcher's glove with a force of 25 N?

• 50 m/s²

• 12.5 m/s²

• 50 N

• 0.2 m/s²

Multiple Choice

What is an earthquake?

• When the earth causes an upward thrust in the epicenter.
• When the earth moves up and down along the ocean floor.
• When tectonic plates slide against each other causing the earth to move. 

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Where would the oldest rock be found?

• L

• M

• N

• O

Multiple Choice

A mid-ocean ridge is located at the boundary of two oceanic plates. Which diagram correctly models the relative plate motion on each side of a mid-ocean ridge?

Multiple Choice

Which star is the coldest?

• Yellow Star
• Red Star
• Orange Star
• Blue Star

Multiple Choice

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question.  Betelgeuse is a _____

• Hot and Bright Star
• Cool and Bright Star
• Hot and Dim Star
• Cool and Dim Star

Multiple Choice

Which diagram represents the sun in summer (direct heat energy)?

• Diagram A

• Diagram B

• neither diagram

• both diagrams

Multiple Choice

Which season is taking place in the Northern Hemisphere in Position 3?

• Winter
• Spring
• Summer
• Fall

Multiple Choice

What city will experience decreasing temperatures in the next day?

• Denver

• El Paso

• Memphis

• Los Angeles

Multiple Choice

The Jet Stream is a global pattern of atmospheric movement that influences patterns in local weather. Based on the information provided in the weather map, which city shown will most likely experience a drop in pressure over the next few days?

• Baltimore

• Jacksonville

• Portland

• Rapid City