Week 6 Homework - Topic 6.1 - 6.2

Open Ended

What is the significance of this famous experiment (what does it demonstrate)?

Open Ended

How did Crick, Watson, Franklin and Wilkins contribute to our knowledge of DNA?

Open Ended

Where are plasmids found in Prokaryotic cells? Where are they found in Eukaryotic cells (HINT consider the evolution of some Eukaryotic organelles!)?

Open Ended

Briefly explain in your own words how the base pairing rules of DNA lead to its ability to be used as the hereditary material of life (aka, to be copied and passed to a resulting daughter cell).

Multiple Choice

A always matches with T, and G always matches with C…..but why?

• A) Because A and T form three hydrogen bonds, while G and C form two hydrogen bonds.
  

• B) Because A and T are the same size, and G and C are the same size, ensuring the DNA helix remains uniform.
  

• C) Because A and T form two hydrogen bonds, and G and C form three hydrogen bonds, creating stable and specific base pairs.
  

• D) Because A and T are both purines, while G and C are both pyrimidines, ensuring proper pairing.

  
  

Multiple Choice

Proofreading enzymes run along the DNA molecule to be sure there are no mis-pairings between bases, but how do they know when a mistake has happened?

• A) They detect changes in the color of the DNA bases.
  

• B) They recognize distortions in the DNA helix caused by mis-paired bases.
  

• C) They measure the number of hydrogen bonds between bases and correct any mismatches.
  

• D) They use a template strand to compare the sequence and identify errors.

  
  

Multiple Choice

why can't T (a pyrimidine) match with G (a purine)?

• A) Because T and G are both too large to fit together in the DNA helix.

• B) Because T and G cannot form hydrogen bonds with each other.
  

• C) Because T and G have incompatible shapes and bonding patterns, preventing proper pairing.
  

• D) Because T and G are both negatively charged and repel each other.

  
  

Labelling

Label the approximate locations of the 4 enzymes responsible for DNA Replication

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

DNA Polymerase

Topoisomerase

Helicase

Ligase

Labelling

Label the Leading Strand and Lagging Strand.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Leading Strand

Lagging Strand

Open Ended

Describe how DNA synthesis differs between the Leading and Lagging strands.

Open Ended

A research team has genetically engineered a strain of fruit flies to eliminate errors during DNA replication. The team claims that this will eliminate genetic variation in the engineered flies. A second research team claims that eliminating errors during DNA replication will not entirely eliminate genetic variation in the engineered flies.

Provide ONE piece of evidence that would indicate new genetic variation has occurred in the engineered flies.

Describe ONE mechanism that could lead to genetic variation in the engineered strain of flies.

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