Evolution

Evolution

is the gradulal change in organisms over time

Multiple Select

Darwin studied....

Select all that apply

• finch beaks

• variations in species

• fossils on the Galapagos Islands

• all of the above

Evidence to support the Theory of Evolution

Remember several observations provide evidence for evolution including; natural selection, artfacts in the fossil record, DNA similarties in organisms,  embryology, and  similarities in anatomy (body structure)

Multiple Choice

Vocab check:

The theory that organisms have slowly changed over time...

• fossil record

• relative dating

• evolution

• adaptation

Multiple Choice

A mutation is defined as:

• A change in the cell's structure

• Anything that changes in an embryo

• Any change in the physical features of a human

• A change in the DNA sequence

Multiple Choice

If a new trait DOES help an organism survive, what may happen to it?

• It dies and its DNA is not passed on

• It survives and its DNA is passed on

• It changes its traits to adapt and survive

Multiple Choice

What happened to the peppered moth population after the Industrial Revolution?

• There were MORE LIGHT moths because the bird couldn't see them on the DARK TREES

• There were MORE DARK moths because the bird couldn't see them on the DARK TREES

• There were MORE DARK moths because the bird couldn't see them on the LIGHT TREES

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection? 

• People selectively breeding hamsters.
• Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
• Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.
• Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.

Multiple Choice

What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?

• Their feathers 
• Genotypes 
• Their beaks
• Their body sizes

Multiple Choice

Remains of ancient organisms are called

• Extinctions
• Fossils
• Mutations
• Variations

Multiple Choice

The fossil record help scientists

• better understand the kinds of organisms that lived in the past

• better understand how the environment has changed over time

• better understand how organisms have evolved over time

• all of the above

Fossil Record

Fossils of ancient organisms have similar structures and DNA than that of organisms today, suggestiing they are ancestors of living organisms.

Embryology

• Rsearching embryos has led to the observation that many organisms start out very similar in their early development.

Similar Body Structures

• Organisms with similar body structures indicate a common ancestor.

• Similar body structures that species have inherited from a common ancestor are called Homologous Structures.

The Fossil Record

Almost all fossils found are of extinct animals. Scientist have been able to study Earth's history from these fossils. They have been able to piece together what the past may have been like, and that these ancient remains are ancestors to organisms living today.

Dating Fossils

Relative Dating--comparing fossils to others and determining age based on which layer it was found in.

Radioactive Dating-- determining the ACTUAL age of a fossil by examining radioactive decay of an organism.

Geologic Time Scale

• A Calendar of Earth's History

• Spans 4.6 billion years

Multiple Choice

Vocab Check:

Relative dating means...

• dating a relative

• comparing two fossils and determining which is older

• Using carbon to identify the exact age of a fossil

• none of the above

Natural Selection

Nature selects those with desirable traits, and those survive and reproduce. Over time, the desirable trait becomes the most common because it has been past down generation after generation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnktXHBvE8s

Selective Breeding

When humans control the breeding of organisms, and specific traits in offspring are revealed in a relatively short period of time (Only a few generations versus many).

Multiple Choice

True or False? In Natural selection an animal chooses to adapt in a single generation, and survives.

• true

• false

Multiple Select

The following evidence supports the theory of evolution: Check all that apply.

• similar body structures in organisms

• Similar DNA in organisms

• population trends

• ancient fossils revealing adaptations of organisms

• natural selection