Igneous Rocks

Rocks and ROCK TYPES

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​Rocks come in three main types: Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic. Each type has different qualities that help us identify and differentiate between them.

ROck types

Sedimentary rocks come in three sub-types:
- Clastic
- Crystalline/Chemical
- Organic
Clastic rocks are formed with sediments or clasts that compact together and cement. The size of the clasts are in this order from smallest to largest: Clay, silt, sand, pebbles, cobbles, boulders.
Crystalline/Chemical rocks are formed from the accumulation of minerals during chemical processes like precipitation and evaporation.
Organic rocks are formed by the accumulation of animal or plant debris (dead stuff).

​Sedimentary Rock

Igneous rocks are rocks formed from lava and magma solidifying. There are two sub-types for igneous rocks: Intrusive and Extrusive.
Intrusive rocks are formed when magma cools under the surface. These rocks usually take longer to form but as a result, form larger crystals within themselves.
Extrusive rocks are formed when lava cools and solidifies on the surface. These rocks take a shorter time to solidify, ergo the crystals that form are smaller than that of intrusive rocks. Extrusive rocks also may contain air bubbles/holes (vesicular).

​Igneous Rock

Metamorphic rocks are rocks formed by pressure and heat pressing onto existing rocks, reshaping their composition and form. They are split into two groups: Contact and regional.
Contact metamorphic rocks are formed when rocks are in contact with high heat sources like magma which changes the form of the rocks.
Regional metamorphic rocks are formed under high pressure situations such as tectonic movement.

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​Metamorphic rock

​Type characteristics

Sedimentary rock characteristics:
- have flat layers
- contain sediments/clasts
- contain fossils
Igneous rock characteristics:
- interlocking crystals
- some may be glassy in texture
- some may be vesicular (have holes)
Metamorphic rock characteristics:
- wavy layers
- no layers

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Multiple Select

what type of rock

• sedimentary

• igneous

• metamorphic

Multiple Choice

what type

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Multiple Choice

what type

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

• igneous

Multiple Choice

what type

• igneous

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

Multiple Choice

what type

• sedimentary

• igneous

• metamorphic

Multiple Choice

what type

• igneous

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

Multiple Choice

what type

• sedimentary

• igneos

• metamorphic

Multiple Choice

what type

• sedimentary

• igneous

• metamorphic

Multiple Choice

what type

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

• igneous

Match

Match the following rocks

sedimentary

metamorphic

sedimentary

igneous

metamorphic

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

• igneous

• metamorphic