Basic Genetics

Genetics

Gregor Mendel

• German monk

• Experimented with pea plants

• Discovered basic principles of heredity

• Considered the “father of modern genetics”

Multiple Choice

Who is considered the "father of genetics"

• Gene Menel

• Gregor Mendel

• Ally Culp

Gregor Mendel

• Discovered that certain traits occur in offspring without any blending

• Example: pea plants were either purple or white

• not blended

Mendel showed that many traits do NOT blend!

Mendel's Theories

There are different versions of genes called ALLELES

Multiple Choice

What is the term for the different "flavors" or versions of genes?

• Chromosomes

• Ally

• Alleles

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of ALLELES? (Select 2)

• Red Hair

• Hair color

• Green eyes

• Eye color

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of GENES? (Select 2)

• Eye color

• Hair color

• Blue eyes

• Blonde hair

Mendel's Theories

• humans get 2 copies of each gene (one copy from each parent)

Multiple Choice

How many alleles do you get from each parent?

• One

• Two

• Three

Alleles

Alleles are represented by letters (can be ANY letter!)

Alleles

Capital letters = dominant alleles

lowercase letters =recessive alleles

Dominant

• Dominant alleles are always seen (if present)

• capital letters

Recessive

• Recessive alleles are hidden (unless there is no dominant present)

• lowercase

• green in this example-->

Multiple Select

Choose all the letters that would represent a dominant allele? (Select 2)

• B

• b

• d

• D

Multiple Select

Choose all the letters that would represent a recessive allele? (Select 2)

• g

• G

• a

• A

Which color is the dominant trait.

Multiple Choice

For the flamingo example: A purple (ff) and pink (FF) flamingo have a pinky baby (Ff). The baby has both the purple (f) and pink (F) allele. What color is dominant?

• Pink

• Purple

Genotype

• the alleles you get from your parents

• can be the same (bb/BB) or different (Bb)

Phenotype

• PHYSICAL appearance

Multiple Choice

A pink (FF) flamingo has a baby with a purple flamingo (ff). They have a pink baby with the alleles (Ff). Which is the baby's GENOTYPE?

• Pink

• Ff

Multiple Choice

A pink (FF) flamingo has a baby with a purple flamingo (ff). They have a pink baby with the alleles (Ff). Which is the baby's PHENOTYPE?

• Pink

• Ff

Genotypes

• Can be homozygous or heterozygous

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes are HOMOzygous?

• HH

• Hh

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes are HOMOzygous?

• rr

• Rr

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes are HETEROzygous?

• Ee

• ee

Multiple Choice

Based upon the genotypes, which color of flower is DOMINANT?

• Purple

• White