Chromosomes

Important Vocab

• Nucleus - called the "control center" of a cell. Holds all genetic information.

• Chromosome - the condensed form of DNA. Looks like an X. Just consists of DNA wrapped around proteins.

• Gene - a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

• Nucleotide - makes up the "base pairs" that form the "steps" of the DNA ladder. Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine (C-G, A-T) 

DNA

• DNA is "double-stranded" in the shape of a "double helix," which is like a twisted ladder.

• The rungs, or "steps," of the ladder are the nucleotides.

Nucleotides

• Nucleotides consist of a phosphate, a sugar (Deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.

• Nucleotides are the monomers of DNA, which means it makes up DNA.

• Nucleotides are the "Code" of DNA.

Nucleotides

• The nucleotides are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine. (A, T, G, C)

• Look at the picture to the right.

• A always pairs up with T. (APPLES go in the TREE)

• C always pairs up with G. (CARS go in the GARAGE)

Multiple Choice

What is the condensed form of DNA called?

• Chromosome

• Gene

• Nucleotides

• Nucleus

Multiple Select

Which of the following are the DNA nucleotides?

• Adenine (A)

• Thymine (T)

• Uracil (U)

• Cytosine (C)

• Guanine (G)

Multiple Choice

Located at the center of the cell and acts as a control center. 

• DNA

• Gene

• Chromosome

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

Smallest unit with the basic properties of life. 

• DNA

• Cell

• Chromosome

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

Bundles of tightly coiled DNA

• Chromosome

• Genes

• Traits

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

The material that exists in every cell in your body that holds your genetic code. It Is like your body’s cookbook.

• Gene

• DNA

• Chromosome

• Trait

Multiple Choice

Sections of DNA that contain the set of instructions that control how our body grows and works and controls many of our characteristics.

• Chromosome

• Nucleus

• Genes

• Cell

Labelling

Label the following terms: Cell, DNA, Chromosome, Nucleus, Gene

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Nucleus

Chromosome

Gene

Cell

DNA

Multiple Choice

Humans share what percentage of DNA?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 99.9%

Multiple Choice

What do each of the colored bands on the chromosome diagram represent? 

• DNA

• Cells

• Genes

Multiple Choice

Where are chromosomes located in the cell?

• cytoplasm
• DNA

• cell membrane
• nucleus

Dropdown

Humans have ​

Select answer

of cells in our bodies.

Multiple Choice

What is the structure of DNA?

• Single-Helix

• Double-Helix

• Triple-Helix

• X-Shaped

Multiple Choice

Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

• DNA is a type of gene and is located on chromosomes.
• DNA contains chromosomes and is found in genes.

• Genes contain DNA, and chromosomes are located on genes.
• Genes are sections of DNA, and chromosomes are made of tightly coiled DNA.

Multiple Choice

True or False: Human's genes are completely unique and are not similar to any other life form

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents a characteristic that genes control?

• Language

• Cooking techniques
• Eye color

• Being Kind

Multiple Choice

_______________is made up of two organic compounds:

-Proteins called histones, and

-Nuceic acid called DNA

• chromosome

• DNA

• gene

• histones

Multiple Choice

It is made up of tremendously long deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules tightly coiled around an equal mass of protein called histones

• chromatid

• gene

• DNA

• centromere

Multiple Choice

Before a cell divides, the ___________ in its nucleus are double-stranded. Each strand is called chromatid

• chromosomes

• nucleus

• DNA

• centromere

Multiple Choice

It is made up of two chromatids

• polynucleotide

• chromosome

• deoxyribose

• DNA

Multiple Choice

DNA is wrapped around spool like proteins called

• hormones

• chemicals

• Histones

• enzymes

Multiple Choice

Humans have ____________ pairs of chromosomes

• 19

• 23

• 46

• 25

Multiple Choice

Persons with Down syndrome have an extra copy of Chromosome___

• 3

• 20

• 21

• 5