Genetics and Heredity

Genetics / Heredity Review

​Mrs. Danvers

Where is DNA located?

• DNA is the genetic information that codes for certain traits

• DNA is located inside the nucleus of the cell in a Eukaryotic Cell

• DNA is located inside the cytoplasm of a Prokaryotic Cell

Multiple Choice

DNA is located in the

• Nucleus of a Eukaryotic cell

• Mitochondria of a Eukaryotic cell

• Vacuole of a Eukaryotic Cell

• Cell Wall of a Eukaryotic Cell

Multiple Choice

This is a picture of

• cellular backbone

• DNA

• Chromatin

• Nucleolus

Where do your traits come from?

• Traits or the inherited genetic characteristics you have came from your parents

• Traits are passed down from the parent to the offspring

Multiple Choice

Where do traits come from?

• mostly from the grandparent generation

• mostly from cellular DNA of the offspring

• from the parent generation

• from the offspring to the parent generation

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A

is a segement of DNA that codes for a specific trait

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A

is the threadlike structure that carries all the DNA and genes

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The

is the genetic information for living organisms

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is the passing of traits from the parent to the offspring

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The genetic make-up or sequence of alleles is called

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The

is the physical trait that is expressed from the genotype

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alleles take over or mask the recessive allele

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alleles only show up if there are two of them because they are weaker

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If a genotype has different alleles (the dominant and recessive) that is called

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If a genotype is composed of the same alleles (like AA or aa) it is called

DNA contains genetic instructions for the whole organism

and is stored in chromosomes.

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Multiple Choice

This is a picture of a

• cytoplasm

• cell

• nucleus

• chromosome

A genotype is the genetic sequence we write with letters and phenotype is the physical trait we see expressed

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Multiple Choice

B is brown eyes and b is blue eyes. What is the phenotype for Bb?

• Brown eyes

• Blue eyes

• Hazel eyes

Multiple Choice

A is for long arms and a is for short arms. What is the phenotype for the genotype AA?

• short arms

• long arms

• medium arms

Punnett Squares

Typically on a Punnet Square, we write the male genes on the top and female genes on the side.

Bring the top letters down and side letters over.

Each box is worth 25% or 1/4.

Multiple Choice

For a particular trait, the allele F is dominant over the allele f. The Punnett square below shows the genetic cross of two parents, each with the genotype Ff.

Which box in this Punnett square would contain two dominant alleles?

• 4

• 3

• 2

• 1

Multiple Choice

What is the probability the offspring will be Heterozygous?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 0%

Pedigrees

Pedigrees are like family trees that help us understand how certain traits or diseases are passed down from generation to generation.

Multiple Choice

According to this pedigree, how many males are part of generation 2?

• 2

• 3

• 5

Multiple Choice

According to the pedigree, how many offspring in generation 2 that came from generation 1 have the trait?

• 1

• 2

• 3