Unit 3 Evolution County Review

Multiple Choice

Charles Darwin is considered the father of evolution. As scientist learned more about genetics they discovered how genes are passed from one generation to the next. How did this discovery affect the theory of evolution?

• The theory of evolution was updated to include the new information.

• The theory of evolution was discredited and is no longer studied.

• Nothing changed, the theory of evolution is separate from the theory of genetics.

Multiple Choice

What does the diagram indicate about Species S?

• Species S is extinct.
• Species S has remained unchanged over time.
• Species S is unrelated to other species.
• Species S developed from years of gradual changes in the genetic code.

Multiple Choice

If a population experiences no migration, is very large, has no mutations, has random mating, and there is no selection, which of following would you predict?

• The population will experience rapid evolution.
• The population will become extinct.
• The population will have increased genetic diversity.
• The population's gene pool will remain virtually the same.

Multiple Choice

The chart lists, in no particular order, three events related to the development of life on Earth. According to most scientists, which sequence best represents the order in which these events occurred?

• 
  Y → W → X

• 
  X → Y → W

• 
  W → X → Y

• 
  X → W → Y

Multiple Choice

Some scientist have hypothesized that this is the ancestor to both the whale and the hippopotamus from approximately 50 million years ago. Construct an explanation for what other evidence scientists could use to back up this new claim.

• A scientist can observe the habitats of all the organisms.

• A scientist could analyze DNA sequence each organism to see if they are related.

• Scientists can observe the bone structure of all organisms.

Dropdown

The ​

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in the animals suggest that human ancestors came from organisms that lived in the ocean. The first organisms with a backbone, according to the picture, were most likely ​

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with ​

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evolving later to be able to walk on land.

Multiple Choice

The bone structures of a human, a dog, a bird, and a whale are shown. Which statement best explains the relationship between these organisms?

• The analogous structures are different in structure, but similar in function, indicating different ancestors.

• The analogous structures are different in structure, but similar in function, indicating a common ancestors.

• The homologous structures are different in structure, but similar in function, indicating a common ancestors.

• The homologous structures are similar in structure, but different in function, indicating a common ancestors.

Drag and Drop

The shark and the dolphin are likely ​

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because their fins are ​

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structures while the alligator and turtle are likely​ ​

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because their tails are ​

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structures.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

not related

related

analogous

homologous

Multiple Choice

A scientist is performing an investigation using biochemistry. She compares the protein sequence of an unknown species to the protein sequences of four known species. Her data is shown in the table. The scientist claims that all living organisms are related by way of common descent. The comparison of which two species best supports her claim?

• species I and species III

• species II and species IV

• unknown and species IV

• unknown and species I

Multiple Choice

Scientist are able to examine the DNA of different species, and they have learned that species that look different can share many DNA sequences. What does this evidence suggest?

• Different species cannot share any DNA sequences.
• Species that appear different share a common ancestor.
• All species have completely unique DNA without any similarities.
• Species that share DNA are always the same species.

Multiple Choice

Which type of evidence is most accurate when determining if organisms share a common ancestor?

• Fossil evidence from ancient rocks
• Behavioral traits observed in species
• Morphological similarities in body structures
• Molecular evidence (DNA and protein sequences)

Multiple Choice

Which type of evidence is the BEST option to determine if two different animals have a common ancestor.

• They have similarities in early embryonic development

• Both choose the same fruit to eat.

• Both live in the same environment.

• Both use asexual reproduction to produce offspring.

Multiple Choice

Scientists observe a population of squirrels over a long period of time. The scientists note that after the populations are able to live together, the black and the brown squirrels are not able to produce fertile offspring. Which explanation best supports the scientists' observation?

• The squirrel population experienced more mutations living together than living apart.

• The squirrel populations on either side of the river did not experience gene flow and became two different species.

• The squirrel population divided into a dominant population and a recessive population of one species.

• The squirrel populations did not have enough genetic variation to produce fertile offspring. 

Dropdown

The number of​

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mice increased on the north side. The number of ​

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mice increased on the south side. This is because the mice were ​

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suited for survival

Multiple Choice

Which type of reproductive barrier keeps the wood frog from mating with the green frog?

• enviromental

• color

• breeding season

• behavioral

Multiple Choice

It is believed that domesticated pigs are descended from wild boars. Look at the two photographs below. A domesticated pig is pictured on the left, and a wild boar is pictured on the right. What genetic difference between the two animals is visible in the pictures?

• The domesticated pig has a large hump, and the wild boar does not have a hump.

• 
  The domesticated pig does not have hooves, and the wild boar has hooves.

• The domesticated pig has lighter hair than the wild boar.

• The domesticated pig has more hair than the wild boar.

Multiple Choice

Muscles are animals that live in salt water. Their color ranges from pure white to dark brown. The graph shows the distribution of the color trait before and after a change in the environment occurred. What BEST describes the change to the trait distribution.

• The pure white muscles were better suited for survival.

• The medium brown muscles were better suited for survival.

• The dark brown muscles were better suited for survival.

Multiple Choice

How would the running speed of the predator affect the diversity of the chipmunk population and the shape of the graph after several generations?

• The graph would stay the same.

• The graph would skew left because the chipmunks that run less than 8.5 mph would make up the majority of the population.

• The graph would skew right because the chipmunks that run over than 8.5 mph would make up the majority of the population.

• The graph would dip in the middle because there would be an increase in chipmunks at both running speed extremes in the population.

Multiple Select

Strep throat is a common bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics. However, bacteria evolve to resist them through mutations. What are TWO questions that scientists should ask before developing a new drug to treat strep throat?

• Which strains of bacteria are resistant to existing drugs?

• Which drug will all the bacteria to multiply?

• Which strains of bacteria do not cause strep throat.

• Which drugs have bacteria already developed resistance?

Multiple Choice

Ms. Peyton sprays a type of pesticide on her garden to kill the insects that are eating the plants. There are fewer insects at first, but then they start to increase again. Ms. Peyton uses the same pesticide but this time it did not kill as many insects. Why?

• The pesticide that was used only targeted certain kinds of insects to allow the rest to thrive in the garden.

• The insects that survived the first round of pesticide produced offspring that were likely to resist the pesticide as well.

• The pesticide changed over time and became less effective.

• The insects that survived the first round of pesticide were able to choose how their offspring would react to pesticide.

Multiple Choice

Insects becoming resistant to pesticides is an example of what?

• behavioral shift
• natural selection

• genetic mutation
• environmental change