Genetic Mutations of Lung Cancers

Genetic Mutations of Lung Cancers

Learning Objectives

1. Describe the key genetic mutations associated with lung cancer subtypes.

2. Explain the molecular mechanisms by which specific mutations contribute to tumor growth and progression

Poll

z

• MYC

• EGFR

• NCAM1

• FGFR1

Unique Genes associated with SCLC

Mutation type: Activation
Gene type: Transcription Factor
Effect: Upregulation of growth and neuroendocrine gene

MYC

• EGFR:

  • Gain of function gene seen in adenocarcinoma that leads to an increase in cellular growth

• NCAM1

  • Protein that aggregates tumor cells together is often stained for in SCLC

• FGFR1

  • Activated growth factor genes seen in squamous cell cancer are directly related to PTHrP release via MAPK activation

References

1. Foley J, Wysolmerski JJ, Broadus AE, Philbrick WM. Parathyroid hormone-related protein gene expression in human squamous carcinoma cells is repressed by mutant isoforms of p53. Cancer Res. 1996;56(17):4056-4062.

2. Ireland AS, Micinski AM, Kastner DW, et al. MYC Drives Temporal Evolution of Small Cell Lung Cancer Subtypes by Reprogramming Neuroendocrine Fate. Cancer Cell. 2020;38(1):60-78.e12. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.05.001

3. Kaptest Test Prep. Accessed February 25, 2025. https://atom.kaptest.com/ktp/testui/usmle/exam/085727ca-6318-42ef-83b7-72af5fb39874/85d5afd9-969f-41fa-90c3-387a07281f51/7.

4. Lu L, Qi H, Luo F, et al. Feedback circuitry via let-7c between lncRNA CCAT1 and c-Myc is involved in cigarette smoke extract-induced malignant transformation of HBE cells. Oncotarget. 2017;8(12):19285-19297. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.15195

5. Osmosis - lung cancer: Video, anatomy, definition & function | osmosis. Accessed February 27, 2025. https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Lung_cancer.