TEKS:P.6D/E

TEKS: P.6D/E Understanding Electrical Circuits and Ohm's Law

​A Review of Key Concepts in Electrical Circuits

I am learning how to use schematics to analyze, design, and construct circuits, and learn the functions of switches, wires, resistors, lightbulbs, batteries, voltmeters, and ammeters

I am learning how electrical energy is transformed into other forms of energy in electric circuits and electrical devices.

​Learning Goals

• Ohm: SI unit of resistance (Ω)

• Resistor: Controls current in circuits

• Series Connection: Single current path

• Parallel Connection: Multiple current paths

• Superconductor: Zero resistance material

• Kilowatt-hour: Energy unit (1kWh = 1000W for 1 hour)

• Electric Current: Flow of charged particles

• Conventional Current: Direction in which a positive test charge moves

• Electric Circuit: A closed loop allowing charge flow

• Battery: Converts chemical energy to electrical energy

• Ampere: Measures electric current (1C/s)

• Resistance: Impedance to charge flow

Key Vocabulary:

How can you calculate electric power and energy use?

How do charges flow in electrically powered devices?

Esential Questions:

SERIES Circuit: Circuit with a single path for a current.
Characteristics:
-One break stops all current
-The current is the same at all points
-Voltage is divided amongst the components

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​Types of Circuits: Series

Parallel Circuit: Circuit with multiple paths for current.
Characteristics:
A break in one branch does not stop other branches
Voltage is the same across all branches
Current is divided among branches

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​Types of Circuits:
Parallel

Formula: V=IR
V=Voltage (Volts)
I=Current (Amperes)

​R=Resistance (Ohms)

Example Problem:
Given: V=12V, R=6Ω
Find I=?
Solution: I=V/R=12V/6Ω=2A

​Ohm's Law

Given: P=60W, V=120V
Find: I=?
Solution: I=P/V=60W/120V=0.5A

​Example Problem:

P=IV
P=Power (Watts)
I=Current (Amperes)
V=Voltage (Volts)

​Electrical Power Formula:

Electrical Power & Energy

Circuit Components & Function

• Switches: Control circuit flow

• Wires: Conduct electricity

• Resistors: Limit Current

• Lightbulbs: Convert electrical energy to light

• Batteries: Provide energy

• Voltmeters: Measures voltage

• Ammeters: Measure current

Summary & Key Takeaways

• A circuit must be closed for current to flow

• Electrical power depends on voltage and current

• Current flow through conductive materials