Week 7 homework - Topic 6.3 + 6.4

Dropdown

What is the Central Dogma of biology?

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Draw

Find the location that an RNA polymerase would begin transcription - draw a circle around the Promotor Regiron

Add an arrow showing the direction the RNA polymerase would travel as it reads the DNA. *remember RNA-polymerase reads the DNA molecule in the 3’ to 5’ direction

Put a star beside the Antisense Strand.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the poly-A tail and the GTP cap in mRNA processing?

• A) They help mRNA fold into its final shape for translation.

• B) They protect mRNA from degradation and assist in ribosome binding.
  

• C) They are unnecessary and removed before translation.
  

• D) They code for amino acids in the final protein.

Open Ended

Come up with a way to remember that introns are removed during mRNA processing. For example: "Exons are expressed, introns interrupt."

Multiple Choice

You have roughly 20,000 genes in your genome but can produce over 2 million different proteins. How is this possible?

• A) Different genes code for multiple proteins at the same time.
  

• B) Alternative splicing allows exons to be rearranged in different ways.
  

• C) mRNA is translated multiple times to produce different proteins.
  

• D) The ribosome changes the amino acid sequence of proteins after translation.

Categorize

Options (4)

The ribosome reaches a stop codon, releasing the protein.

tRNA brings amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.

The ribosome assembles around the mRNA, and tRNA binds to the start codon.

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Organize these options into the right categories: Which of the following correctly describes the role of key molecules in the stages of translation?

Initiation

Elongation

Termination

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Multiple Choice

Why can transcription and translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells?

• A) Prokaryotes lack a nucleus, so ribosomes can access mRNA immediately.
  

• B) Eukaryotes do not have ribosomes.
  

• C) Prokaryotic cells do not need mRNA processing.
  

• D) Eukaryotes translate mRNA in the nucleus instead of the cytoplasm.