Structure of the internet

TCP/IP Layer Model

This layer model has 4 layers where different protocols operate to pass data across a network.

The four layers are:

1. - Application

2. - Transport

3. - Internet

4. - Link

Why layers are used

• Divides the complex task of networking into smaller, simpler tasks that work with each other.

• A layer can be removed/changed etc. …without affecting any other layers

• Each layer has its own purpose so it does not need to consider what the other layers do …so it can be programming individually

• Different layers can interface with different hardware from different vendors

​Which protocols would be used in each layer?

​Which protocols would be used in each layer?

​HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, POP3

​Which protocols would be used in each layer?

TCP

​HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, POP3

​Which protocols would be used in each layer?

IP

​HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, POP3

TCP

​Which protocols would be used in each layer?

Wi-Fi, Ethernet

​HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, POP3

TCP

IP

Reorder

Reorder the following (from the top down)

• Application Layer

• Transport Layer

• Internet Layer

• Link Layer

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What are the advantages of layering?

• Modularity, separation of concerns, and reusability.
• Reduced performance and efficiency
• Higher maintenance costs
• Limited flexibility and adaptability
• Increased complexity and confusion

Match

Match the layer with the typical protocols used

• Application

• Transport

• Internet

• Link

HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP

TCP

IP

Ethernet, Wi-Fi

• HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP

• TCP

• IP

• Ethernet, Wi-Fi

Open Ended

The TCP/IP model uses layers including the application layer and transport layer.

Explain why the TCP/IP model uses layers.