Battle of New Orleans

The war of 1812 and the rise of a New Nationalism Part 2

The Battle of New Orleans

• Andrew Jackson

• 7,000 combined soldiers, privateers, pirates, freedmen, and farmers

The Battle of New Orleans

• General Sir Edward Pakenham - Cousin to the King

• 60 Ships

• 11,000 Veteran Soldiers from the Napoleonic wars

Poll

Considering the two forces who do you think has the advantage?

• Jackson and the American Defense

• Packingham and the British Attackers

The Battle of New Orleans

• December 23rd, 1814 - Packingham is discovered in the swamps 7 miles from New Orleans

• Jackson Sends out spies and Saboteurs to watch and slow the advancing British Army

• Meanwhile Jackson orders a trench dug between the swamp and the river outside NOLA and lines it with bales of cotton. This Becomes known as line Jackson

Poll

Jackson made some very unpopular decisions during the defense of New Orleans such as partnering with pirates, declaring martial law, arming people of color, and requiring citizens to bring their own weaponry and fight on the front line. Do you think these were the right decisions to make?

• Yes

• No

The Battle of New Orleans

• January 8, 1815 - Battle begins

• Battle lasts one hour

• British lose 2000 men including Pakenham

• Americans suffer only 71 dead

• Unnecessary Battle?, but it made Andrew Jackson the most popular man in the USA

The Peace of Ghent

• American and English Diplomats meet on Neutral ground in Ghent, Belgium

• Formally ends the War of 1812

• Status Quo Antebellum - like before the war

• 12-24-1814

• With Napoleon defeated and Tecumseh dead there were no more reasons to continue the war

Open Ended

What does Status Quo Antebellum mean?

Open Ended

The treaty of Ghent was signed on 12-24-1814 but the Battle of New Orleans was fought on 1-9-1815. Why do you think the battle happened after peace was made?

The Hartford Convention

• Federalists met and in a last ditch effort to discredit James Madison wanted to secede

• Seemed out of touch and silly

The Importance of the War of 1812

• "The Second War of Independence"

• New American Hero's Arose - Andrew Jackson, William Henry Harrison, Oliver Hazard Perry

• America had a Modern Navy

• Federalist party dies after James Monroe Defeats Rufus King in 1816 183-34

• Manufacturing Prospered because of the Blockade

• Canadians felt betrayed by the Rush-Bagot Agreement that created the largest DMZ in the world

Open Ended

We sometimes call the war of 1812 the Second war for Independence. Why do we do that?

New Nationalism

• American Literature Develops - James Fennimore Cooper, Washinton Irving

• The First American History Books Are written

The American System

• Henry Clay's Economic Plan

• High Protective Tariff

• Internal Improvements

The Era of Good Feelings

• Era of one strong Political Party - Jeffersonian Republicans

• James Monroe was the last of the Founding Generation to serve as President

Open Ended

What do we call the period of time after the war of 1812 where there is only one strong political party, The Jeffersonian-Republicans?

The Florida Problem

• Seminoles and Creek raid southern states from Spanish Florida

• Andrew Jackson is sent to Floridia in 1818

• 3,000 Soldiers & 2,000 Indian Allies

• Captured and hung 2 Cheifs

• Captured Alexander Arduthnot and Robert Ambrister - Executed for aiding the Seminoles

• Capture Pensacola

Adams-Onis Treaty

• John Quincy Adams - Secretary of State

• Luis de Onis - Spanish Ambassador

• Texas Remained Spanish

• Florida becomes USA Property ad the Spanish Give up claims to Oregon

• Sometimes called the Transcontinental Treaty

Open Ended

Do you think Jackson had any right to invade Florida and capture Pensacola?

Review Questions

Multiple Choice

Who led American Forces at the Battle of New Orleans?

• William Henry Harrison

• Andrew Jackson

• Sir Pakenham

• James Madison

Multiple Choice

One of the important things about the War of 1812 is that it created new American Heros to replace the ones who are dying from the revolutionary era. Which of the following is not a new American Hero

• Andrew Jackson

• John Quincy Adams

• Oliver Hazard Perry

• William Henry Harrison

Multiple Choice

The treaty of Ghent agrees to Status Quo Antebellum. What does that mean?

• Like before the war

• Total Victory

• unconditional Surrender

• like after the war

Multiple Choice

By what other name do we call the war of 1812?

• The war of American Expansion

• The second war for Independence

• The war of British Agression

Multiple Choice

Who is sent to deal with creek and seminole indians raiding out of Florida in 1818

• William Henry Harrison

• Andrew Jackson

• John Quincy Adams

• Oliver Hazard Perry

Multiple Choice

What treaty resolves the Florida Problem?

• The Treaty of Ghent

• The Adams-Onis Treaty

• The treaty of Paris

• The Treaty of Versies