Comparing Food Molecules

Food Molecules - 7th Grade

L.7.3.3

Multiple Select

REVIEW: Which of the following are produced by photosynthesis? (select 2)

• Glucose (Sugar)

• Carbon Dioxide

• Energy

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

REVIEW: What is the name of the organelle involved in photosynthesis?

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

REVIEW: What is the name of the organelle involved in cellular respiration?

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

Multiple Select

REVIEW: Which of the following are produced by cellular respiration? (select 3)

• Glucose (Sugar)

• Carbon Dioxide

• Energy

• Oxygen

• Water

Chemical Reactions

During chemical reactions like photosynthesis and respiration, the atoms in the reactants (starting materials) are pulled apart and rearranged to form the products (ending materials). For example, the atoms in glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂) are separated and rearranged to make carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and ATP energy.

Food Molecules

Foods give us energy for life processes. There are three main types of food: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Each type of food has molecules containing different types and amounts of atoms. These differences are why different foods give us different amounts of energy.

Carbohydrates

• Include sugars or starches.

• Foods like breads, pastas, fruits, cookies, and chocolate.

• Foods are made from similar amounts of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

• Sugars are easily broken down during cellular respiration to release lots of energy over a shorter period of time (minutes - hours).

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not primarily a carbohydrate?

• Banana

• Bread

• Ground Beef

• Macaroni Noodles

Multiple Choice

Which describes the atoms in carbohydrates?

• Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen atoms

• Equal amounts of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms

• Many carbon and hydrogen atoms link to a few oxygen atoms

Proteins

• Foods like meats, nuts, and legumes.

• Proteins are made from different combinations of 20 amino acids.

• Foods are made from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen atoms.

• During cellular respiration, the protein is broken back down into amino acids, which releases energy.

Multiple Choice

Proteins are made from...

• nucleic acids

• nitric acid

• citric acid

• amino acids

Multiple Choice

Which describes the atoms in proteins?

• Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen atoms

• Equal amounts of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms

• Many carbon and hydrogen atoms linked to a few oxygen atoms

Lipids

• Foods like pizza, burgers, fries, and chips

• Foods are made from a few oxygen atoms linked to many carbon and hydrogen atoms.

• Lipids/fats are large molecules that take time to breakdown, therefore, they supply energy over long periods of time.

• If the energy isn't used, it is stored as fat by our body for later use.

Multiple Choice

What form of lipids does our body use during cellular respiration to make energy

• oil

• wax

• triglycerides

Multiple Choice

Which describes the atoms in lipids?

• Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen

• Equal amounts of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

• Many carbon and hydrogen atoms linked to a few oxygen atoms