Earth's Layers and Convecting Mantle

CRUST

CRUST - is the outermost and thinnest layer of the Earth (around 5 to 70 km deep).

MANTLE

MANTLE is the thickest layer of the earth. The semi-liquid sort of like a malleable plastic and makes up 84% of earth's volume.

OUTER CORE

OUTER CORE - is located beneath the mantle (2,200 km thick). It is made up of hot, molten iron and nickel (up to 5,000°C). This layer spins as the planet rotates and creates Earth's magnetic field, which helps to protect us from the Sun's solar radiation.

INNER CORE

INNER CORE - is the deepest layer of the Earth. It’s about 1,230 to 1,530 km thick and can be as hot as the surface of the sun, about 5505 °C. Like the outer core, it is made up of iron and nickel, but due to high pressure, these metals remain solid. 

Multiple Choice

How does temperature change as you move from the crust to the core?

• it gets cooler
• it gets hotter
• it stays the same
• the core is frozen

Multiple Choice

What layer is shown by letter A?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core

Multiple Choice

What layer is shown by letter B?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core

Multiple Choice

What layer is shown by letter C?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core

Multiple Choice

What layer is shown by letter D?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core

Multiple Choice

What property of matter has caused the layers of the earth to be ordered in the way they are?

• Mass

• Density

• Weight

• Volume

Multiple Choice

A certain type of decorative lamp contains colored liquids. These liquids form globs that break off and rise to the top of the liquid. The globs rise due to

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Which layer of Earth would have the greatest density?

• upper mantle
• lower mantle
• inner core
• outer core

Multiple Choice

4. What layer is the hottest?

• Core
• Crust
• Mantle

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the Earth is liquid?

• outer core
• crust
• mantle
• inner core

Multiple Choice

Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core?

• crust
• inner core
• mantle
• lithosphere

Multiple Choice

Pressure ______________________ as you go deeper into the Earth

• increases
• decreases 
• goes up or down depending on the layer
• stays the same

Multiple Choice

5. Which layer is the thickest?

• Core
• Crust
• Mantle

Multiple Choice

What does cooler, denser material do?

• float

• sink

• nothing

Multiple Choice

Hot material rises meaning that its....

• density is less (lower)

• density is greater (higher)