Geologic Landforms

​Understanding Landforms

​Permanent Changes to the Geosphere

​Review - Plate Boundaries

• Earth's crust is cracked into 12 plates.

• The plates can be Oceanic or Continental.

• The plates meet at boundaries.

• Scientists study plate boundaries because changes in the geosphere happen there.

• They classify plate boundaries into:

  • Convergent

  • Divergent

  • Transform

  ​

Multiple Choice

Earth's plates can be classified as _____.

• Continental or Oceanic

• Helpful or Harmful

• Plastic or Paper

Multiple Choice

Scientists study Plate Boundaries because ____.

• The government forces them to.

• Most changes in the geosphere happen at plate boundaries.

• The plate boundaries never change so they are easy to study.

Match

Match the plate boundary to its definition.

• Plates spread apart

• Plates come together

• Plates rub against each other

Divergent

Convergent

Transform

• Divergent

• Convergent

• Transform

Match

Match the plate boundary to its diagram.

Divergent

Convergent

Transform

• Divergent

• Convergent

• Transform

​Review - Disruptions

• The geosphere is constantly changing.

• Most changes to the geosphere happen at plate boundaries.

• Temporary changes are called "Disruptions."

• An Earthquake is a temporary disruption caused by energy rising from a transform boundary.

• A Volcanic Eruption is a temporary disruption caused by magma rising from a convergent or divergent boundary.

  ​

Multiple Choice

Disruptions are ____ changes to the geosphere.

• Permanent

• Temporary

Multiple Choice

Earthquakes are most likely to happen at ____ boundaries.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

During an Earthquake, ____ rises from underground to the surface.

• Energy

• Magma

• An alien

Multiple Select

Volcanic Eruptions are most likely to happen at ____ boundaries.

(Pick 2!)

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

During a Volcanic Eruption, ____ rises from underground to the surface.

• Energy

• Magma

• An alien

Multiple Choice

At this boundary, the magma rises and pushes the plates apart.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

At this boundary, one plate sinks, melts to form magma, and then rises up through the volcano.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Open Ended

"Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes are similar because _____."

"Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes are different because _____."

​Landforms

• Geosphere changes can also be permanent.

• Permanent changes to the crust are called "Landforms."

• Scientists classify landforms based on their shape.

• Three landform classifications are:

  • Mountain

  • Trench

  • Ridge

    ​

Multiple Choice

Landforms are ____ changes to the geosphere.

• Permanent

• Temporary

Multiple Choice

Why do scientists classify landforms?

• To make them easier to study

• To make them harder to study

• The government forces them to

Multiple Choice

Landforms are classified based on their ____.

• Magnitude

• Shape

• Age

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

Examples of Landforms include:

• Convergent

  Divergent

  Transform

• Earthquakes

  Volcanic Eruptions

  Tsunamis

• Mountains

  Ridges

  Trenches

Mountains

• Mountains mostly form when two continental plates converge.

• As they push together, the land rises upwards.

• The Himalayas are an example of a mountain that formed at a convergent boundary.

• Mt. Everest, in the Himalayas, is the tallest mountain in the world.

Multiple Choice

Mountains mostly form at ____ boundaries.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

Mountains form when which plates converge?

• Continental

  and

  Continental

• Continental

  and

  Oceanic

• Oceanic

  and

  Oceanic

Multiple Choice

Which landform would we expect when two continental plates converge?

• Mountain

• Trench

• Ridge

Open Ended

"One famous mountain range is ______,

which formed near _____,

when _______."

Trenches

• Trenches form when a continental plate and an oceanic plate converge.

• The oceanic plate sinks below the continental plate, forming a deep hole in the ocean.

• The deep hole is called a trench.

• As we have learned, the oceanic plate then melts to form magma, so volcanic eruptions are common near trenches.

• The deepest trench is the Mariana Trench, south of Japan.

Multiple Choice

Trenches mostly form at ____ boundaries.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

Trenches form when which plates converge?

• Continental

  and

  Continental

• Continental

  and

  Oceanic

• Oceanic

  and

  Oceanic

Multiple Choice

Which landform would we expect when a continental plate and an ocean plate converge?

• Mountain

• Trench

• Ridge

Multiple Choice

Why do volcanic eruptions happen near trenches?

• The sinking oceanic plate angers the sea monsters.

• The sinking oceanic plate melts to form magma.

• The hole at the bottom touches the mantle.

Ridges

• A Ridge forms when two oceanic plates diverge.

• As the plates pull apart, a hole is formed and magma rises through, causing a volcanic eruption.

• The new rock formed by the cooling lava forms underwater mountains, called ridges.

• The longest Ridge is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is pushing apart the continents that border the Atlantic Ocean.

Multiple Choice

Ridges mostly form at ____ boundaries.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

Ridges form when which plates diverge?

• Continental

  and

  Continental

• Continental

  and

  Oceanic

• Oceanic

  and

  Oceanic

Multiple Choice

Which landform would we expect when two oceanic plates diverge?

• Mountain

• Trench

• Ridge

Multiple Choice

Why do volcanic eruptions happen near ridges?

• The sinking oceanic plate angers the sea monsters.

• The sinking oceanic plate melts to form magma.

• The hole at the bottom touches the mantle.

Open Ended

"Two continents being separated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge are ____ and ____."

Match

Match the diagram to the landform.

Trench

Ridge

Mountain

• Trench

• Ridge

• Mountain

Match

Match the description to the landform.

• New rock formed by cooling magma underwater.

• Rock rises up when two plates push together and fold.

• A deep hole formed by one plate sinking below the other.

Ridge

Mountain

Trench

• Ridge

• Mountain

• Trench

Match

Match the boundary to the landform.

• Converging of Continental-Continental.

• Converging of Continental-Oceanic.

• Diverging of Oceanic-Oceanic.

Mountain

Trench

Ridge

• Mountain

• Trench

• Ridge

Match

Match the famous example to the landform.

• Himalayas

• Mid-Atlantic

• Mariana

Mountain

Ridge

Trench

• Mountain

• Ridge

• Trench