Heat Transfer and Specific Heat

• Heat is the energy that is transferred between objects that are different temperatures.

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• Energy always transfers from the object with the highest temperature to the object with the lowest temperature (hot to cold)

​Heat Transfer

​

Heat Transfer

HOT --> COLD!!!

Multiple Choice

How does heat transfer?

• Hot to cold

• Cold to hot

Three types of Heat Transfer

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Conduction

through DIRECT CONTACT!

conductor: transfers heat well (metal)

insulator: does not transfer heat well (wood, plastic, etc.)

Multiple Select

Which of the following are good conductors? (select all that apply)

• Copper

• Plastic

• Wood

• Steel

Convection

by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas).

When a fluid is...

HEATED its particles SPEED UP and move APART,

making it LESS dense and RISE.

COOLED its particles SLOW DOWN and move TOGETHER,

making it MORE dense and SINK.

This creates a CONVECTION CURRENT

transferring heat throughout the fluid.

Convection

Radiation

by electromagnetic (EM) waves.

*This is the ONLY method of heat transfer that does NOT require matter (can travel in space)!*

Multiple Choice

What type of heat transfer is occurring between a hot cup of coffee in your hands?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

What type of heat transfer is occurring between a dog sunbathing?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Jeanie wants to go outside, but it's really cold. She decides to put on a hoodie. What is the scientific reason to do that?

• To keep cold out.

• To generate heat.

• To reduce heat loss.

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Danielle dresses her action figure in sweaters but can't understand why they don't ever warm up. Why don't they warm up?

• The sweaters she uses are probably poor insulators.

• The sweaters she uses are probably poor conductors.

• The action figures are made of materials that don't hold heat well.

• Heat transfer is not happening because the sweaters and action figures are the same temperature

Multiple Choice

If you put a cup of cola in a freezer it turns to ice...why?

• the cola absorbs energy from the air in the freezer.

• the cola absorbs the coldness form the air in the freezer.

• the freezer air absorbs heat from the cola.

• the cola neither absorbs nor releases heat

​3 Types of Heat Transfer

​Conduction

• ​when particles are touching each other

Convection

• ​only occurs in fluids (liquids and gases)

• circular movement

Radiation

• ​heat travelling in waves through air or a vacuum

​Conduction

​Conduction is a form of heat transfer, and occurs when particles are touching

​

Examples:

• ​metal spoon being heated in a cup of tea

• pot being heated on stove

• ​heat conducting through ceiling, windows, and walls into your house

​Convection

​Convection is a form of heat transfer, that only works in fluids (liquids or gases).

​

Heat source heats the bottom of the fluid, as it heats up the particles move further apart and become less dense, then the cooler water is more dense and falls to the bottom. Where it is then heated and will rise.

​

'Hot air rises'

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Examples:

• cooling a room with air conditioner

• boiling a pot of water​

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​Radiation

Radiation is a form of heat transfer that does not need particles to travel through. Heat travels in waves, and can move through air and space.

​

Examples:

• he​at from a fire

• heat from the sun heating up outside of house

Multiple Choice

If you burn your hand on the handle of a hot pot, heat was transferred to your skin by

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

• equilibrium

Multiple Choice

A material that reduces the flow of heat is a(n)

• conductor

• insulator

• metal

• radiator

Multiple Choice

Energy from the Sun travels to Earth as

• Conduction

• Convection

• Insulation

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

What type of thermal energy transfer is number 2 pointing to?

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

• Insulation

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of CONDUCTION?

• When heat is transferred by electromagnetic rays of light.

• When heat transfers by objects that are physically touching.

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true?

• The quicker a molecule moves, the colder it is.

• The slower a molecule moves, the warmer it is.

• The quicker a molecule moves, the warmer it is

• The movement of molecules don't affect temperature

Multiple Choice

How many kinds of heat transfer are there?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4 or more

Convection Currents and the Mantle

Multiple Choice

The transfer of heat through empty space is ...

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

Multiple Choice

The transfer of heat involving the movement of fluids-liquids and gases is ...

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

Multiple Choice

Conduction requires

• Electricity

• the electromagnetic spectrum and particles

• air or water flow

• direct contact

Multiple Choice

Heat transfer always moves ...

• cold to hot

• east to west

• hot to cold

• north to south

Multiple Choice

What is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of a substance?

• Kinetic energy

• Temperature

• Thermal energy

• Potential energy

Multiple Choice

What is a substance that does NOT conduct heat well?

• Conductor

• Insulator

• Convector

• Radiator

Multiple Choice

What is a substance that DOES conduct heat well?

• Conductor

• Insulator

• Convector

• Radiator

Multiple Choice

When the temperature of matter decreases the particles ...

• speed up and move farther apart
• speed up and move closer together
• slow down and move farther apart
• slow down and move closer together

Multiple Choice

Name the types of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Name the type of heat transfer.

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Near the ceiling of a room, the air is warmer. The warmer air is rising because of

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

• It was told to by this crazy fool!

Multiple Choice

In a swimming pool, the water near the surface is slightly warmer. The temperature of the water near the top rises because of

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

• Too many dogs being in the pool!

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true regarding heat energy?

• The quicker a molecule moves, the colder it is.

• The slower a molecule moves, the warmer it is.

• The quicker a molecule moves, the warmer it is.

• The faster you dance, the quicker you get tired.

Multiple Choice

Heat is the movement of ______.

• radiation

• thermal energy

• cold

• fire