Honors Chemistry

Honors Chem. Section 2 Part 2: Classifying Chemical Reactions Part 1

Multiple Choice

Review Question: What type of Mixture is a chocolate Chip Cookie?

• Heterogenous

• Homogenous

Multiple Choice

When energy is released in a reaction is it considered a product or reactant?

• Product

• Reactant

Multiple Choice

When energy is Absorbed in a reaction is it considered a product or reactant?

• Product

• Reactant

Multiple Choice

Review Question: What fundamental Law of Chemistry is essential to balancing Chemical Equations

• The Law of balance

• The Law of Conservation of Mass

• The Law of Reactivity

• The First Law of Chemistry

Reaction Types

Reactions can be classified by what happens in them

• By identifying the type of reaction, you can easily predict what will form

• We will look at five reaction types right now, but know that there are other types

Combustion Reactions

• ​Simple Definition: The Reaction of a carbon-based compound with Oxygen

  • The Reactants tend to be Hydrocarbons, elements made up of only Hydrogen and Carbon

  • The products are Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) and Water (H₂O)

    • Sometimes Carbon Monoxide (CO) is also a product​

• Combustion Reactions are often used to generate energy

Synthesis Reactions

• ​Simple Definition: A single product is formed from two or more reactants

  • From the greek word for to Put Together

  • If there is only one Product, the reaction is a synthesis reaction

• The reactants are often two elements or two small compounds

  • Two Elements form a binary compound

    • Usually a metal reacting with a nonmetal​

  • ​Two Compounds form a Ternary Compound

    • Compound with three elements

Decomposition

• ​Simple Definition: A single Compound Breaks down into two or more elements or simpler compounds

  • There is often an input of energy into the reaction

• ​How to Recognize:

  • If you have a binary compound for the reactant, the products will most likely be the two elements in the compound

    • Example: water decomposing to Hydrogen and Oxygen​

Quick Group Practice

Predict the product(s) and write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions

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1. The reaction of butane (C₄H₁₀) with Oxygen

2. The Reaction of water with Calcium Oxide​ (CaO)

3. The Decomposition of carbonic acid​ (H₂CO₃)

Displacement Reactions

• ​Simple Definition: A single element reacts with a compound and displaces it from the compound

  • Products are a different element and a different compound​

• Results are ​Determined Using an Activity series

  • Tells you which elements can displace others​

Activity Series

• An activity Series is an arrangement of elements in the order of their activity

  • The most active elements are at the top

    • A more active element can displace the elements below it, but not the ones above it

  • This allows us to predict what will happen in a displacement reaction​

    • A Metal will replace the metals below it

    • a metal in water will displace Hydrogen and bind with Oxygen​

Multiple Choice

Based on the activity series will the following reaction take place:

$$Zn_{\left(s\right)}+H_2O_{\left(l\right)}\ \frac{50\degree C}{\rightarrow}$$  

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Based on the activity series will the following reaction take place:

$$Sn_{\left(s\right)}\ +O_{2\left(g\right)}\rightarrow$$  

 

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Based on the activity series will the following reaction take place:

$$Cd_{\left(s\right)}+Pb\left(NO_3\right)_{2\left(aq\right)}\rightarrow$$  

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Based on the activity series will the following reaction take place:

$$MgCl_{2\left(aq\right)}+Zn_{\left(s\right)}\rightarrow$$  

• Yes

• No

Double Displacement Reactions

• ​Simple Definition: Two compounds in an aqueous solution appear to exchange ions and form new compounds

  • We will talk more about ions later, but just know that the two compounds switch their endings​

Multiple Choice

This type of reaction results in two or more reactants making one new substance

• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Single Displacement

• Double Displacement

• Combustion

Multiple Choice

This type of reaction results in two Compounds switching or "trading" one of their ions.

• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Single Displacement

• Double Displacement

• Combustion

Multiple Choice

This type of reaction results in one reactant undergoing a change that results in two or more products

• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Single Displacement

• Double Displacement

• Combustion

Multiple Choice

This type of reaction results in one reactant replacing an ion on one of the other reactants

• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Single Displacement

• Double Displacement

• Combustion

Multiple Choice

This type of reaction results in Heat, light, carbon dioxide and water as products

• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Single Displacement

• Double Displacement

• Combustion