Inferential Statistics Introduction

Lesson 1-1 Inferential and Descriptive Statistics

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After completing this chapter, you should be able to:

• Demonstrate knowledge of statistical terms.

• Differentiate between the two branches of statistics.

Variables

• a characteristic or attribute that can assume different values.

• 
  

Multiple Choice

A variable (or response variable) is

• a characteristic of interest about each individual element of a population or sample

• a characteristic that is irrelevant to the collection of the data

• a characteristic that changes when the data is collected

• a characteristic or trait that will be ignored in a sample population

Descriptive vs Inferential

• Descriptive Statistics are used to summarise the data collected.

• Inferential Statistics are used by the researcher to infer the properties of a population, based on the sample and prediction

Multiple Choice

These are the two types of statistics:

• Discrete and Continuous

• Population and Sample

• Descriptive and Inferential

• Mean and Standard deviation

​Key Differences The differences between descriptive and inferential statistics lie as much in the process as in the statistics reported. Below are the key differences in descriptive vs. inferential statistics.

1. When describing a scenario, we use descriptive statistics, while analyzing the likelihood event, we use inferential statistics.

2. A specific population is explained using descriptive statistics using information that is already known. However, inferential statistics try to infer or draw conclusions about a complete population.

3. For descriptive statistics, we utilize tables and charts. For inferential statistics, we employ probability approaches. Instead of inferential statistics, which require us to establish a relationship between variables across the entire population, we can conduct a study more easily using descriptive statistics.

Multiple Choice

When describing a scenario, we use descriptive statistics, while analyzing the likelihood event, we use inferential statistics.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

A specific population is explained using inferential statistics using information that is already known. However, descriptive statistics try to infer or draw conclusions about a complete population.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Tell if the statement if Descriptive or Inferential

From a past study, it was found that 56% of women are the primary investors in their households.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

Tell if the statement if Descriptive or Inferential

A recent survey of 2000 adults having an MBA reported that the average salary is more than $65,000 a year.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

A prediction has been made that the chance that a person will be robbed in a certain city is 15%.

• Inferential

• Descriptive

Population vs Sample

Multiple Choice

Identify the following data set:

....a manager of a movie theater was asking customers at the concession stand how they would rate the theater’s staff

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

Identify the following data set:

....the rates at which all of the cashiers scan products for a store on a study about the cashiers for the day.

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

Identify the following data set:

....the rates at which all of the cashiers scan products for a store on a study about the cashiers for the day.

• Population

• Sample

Applying the Concepts 1-1

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