Introduction to Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

by William Lovering

Multiple Choice

All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the thermal energy of a system?

• the total kinetic energy of moving particle

• the average kinetic energy of moving particles

• the amount of heat in a substance

Multiple Select

If the particles of an object begin moving faster...(May be more than one answer)

• the temperature will go up

• the thermal energy will go up

• the mass will go up

• the object will move across the floor

Fill in the Blank

The average amount of kinetic energy in an object is its ______

Multiple Select

Which of the following will increase the thermal energy of an object. (May be more than one answer)

• increasing the temperature

• increasing the mass

• reducing the mass

• reducing the temperature

Multiple Choice

Increasing the mass of an object will increase its temperature

• True

• False

Match

Match the following

• Specific Heat Capacity

• Temperature

• Thermal Energy

• Convection

• Conduction

the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance

the average amount of kinetic energy in particles

the total amount of kinetic energy in particles

the movement of fluids (gases and liquids) due to temperature differences

the transfer of thermal energy through collisions of particles when objects touch

• the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance

• the average amount of kinetic energy in particles

• the total amount of kinetic energy in particles

• the movement of fluids (gases and liquids) due to temperature differences

• the transfer of thermal energy through collisions of particles when objects touch

Fill in the Blank

A substance with a high specific heat requires (more/less) energy to raise the temperature.

Fill in the Blank

If you want the temperature to go up quickly, you should choose a substance with a (high/low) specific heat.

Fill in the Blank

Thermal energy is represented by the letter ____ in the specific heat formula.

How much heat is needed to raise a 0.30 kg piece of aluminum from 30℃ to 150℃?

​Formula: Q = mcΔ​T

​

Solving Specific Heat Problems

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Look for a chart like this which lists the specific heat of different substances.

​

Solving Specific Heat

How much heat is needed to raise a 0.30 kg piece of aluminum from 30℃ to 150℃?

​specific heat (c) of aluminum = 900 j/kgC

​Formula: Q = mcΔ​T​

​m = mass = 0.30 kg,

Solving Specific Heat Problems

Some text here about the topic of discussion

How much heat is needed to raise a 0.30 kg piece of aluminum from 30℃ to 150℃?

​Formula: Q = mcΔ​T​

​What is Δ​T​? Change in temperature.

​150℃ - 30℃ = 120℃

Solving Specific Heat Problems

Some text here about the topic of discussion

How much energy is needed to raise a 0.30 kg piece of aluminum from 30℃ to 150℃?

​Formula: Q = mcΔ​T​

​m = 0.30, c = 900, Δ​T = 120

Q = ​32400 j (amount of energy needed)

Solving Specific Heat Problems

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Specific heat is....

• The measure of kinetic energy of an objects particles
• A measure of the energy needed to increase the average kinetic energy of the particles
• The heating caused by the motion of flluid due to temperature difference
• The transfer of energy by electromagnetic radiation

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol for Thermal Energy in the specific heat formula?

• Q
• t
• m
• C

Multiple Choice

There are four cups of hot cocoa. The cup sizes are shown. The temperature of the cocoa in each cup is 25 degrees celsius. Which cup has the MOST thermal energy?

• Large cup (Trenta)
• Small cup (Tall)
• Medium cup (Venti)
• All three are the same temperature so they have the same thermal energy

Multiple Choice

Copper, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, and Zinc were all heated using 10,000 JOULES of thermal energy.  What material would be have the LARGEST change in temperature?

• Copper
• Carbon Steel
• Zinc
• Stainless Steel

Multiple Choice

A high specific heat means...

• It requires less energy to change temperature
• It requires more energy to change temperature
• It heats up very quickly

Multiple Choice

If 200 grams of water is to be heated from 24.0° C to  100.0° C to make a cup of tea, what is the mass and what is the change in temperature?

• m=100g,  ∆t= 224 C
• m=200g,  ∆t=124 C
• m=100g,  ∆t=24 C
• m=200g,  ∆t=76 C

Multiple Choice

There are 2 pans of water, one has 100 mL in it and one has 1000mL. You add 4000 joules of energy,  which one has the bigger change in temperature?

• 100 mL
• 1000 mL
• They the same material so they both heat to the same temperature
• They both will cool down.

Multiple Choice

20 g of water. specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g°C.  temperature changes from 25° C to 20° C, how much heat energy (Q) moves from the water to the surroundings?

• 418 Joules
• 209 J
• 83 J
• 4.18 J

Multiple Choice

The specific heat(c) of copper is 0.39 J/g °C. What is the temperature change(∆t) when 100 Joules of heat(Q) is added to 20 grams of copper?

• 12.82 °C
• 24.12°C
• 351 °C