Types of Phrases and Clauses

Infinitives = to plus a verb (to run, to sing)

Look like verbs. Act like adjectives, adverbs, or nouns.

Fill in the blank with an infinitive.

I like to ________.
Naomi wanted to______ her test.
My goal, to _________ the game, will be a reality.
We can’t play until we find a ball to _________.
Mom is going to the store to ______________.

Often, they BEGIN
sentences:
__________, in the
breeze, the
dandelion seeds
flew away.

Use a comma after
intro phrases.

Verbal Phrase Review: Infinitives

Multiple Choice

What is a subject?

• A person or thing that the subject is about

• The object of a verb

• A noun that ends a sentence

• A type of clothing

Multiple Choice

A verb shows...

• Action or a state of being

• What the verb is doing

• That you know what you're doing

• everything

Multiple Choice

What is a clause?

• A group of words containing a subject and verb (predicate)

• A single word in a sentence
• A preopositional phrase

• A type of sentence

Multiple Choice

Another name for an independent clause is a...

• Dependent clause
• Subordinate clause
• Relative clause
• Simple sentence

Multiple Choice

A subordinate clause can't...

• Stand alone as a complete sentence
• Be part of a complex sentence
• Modify the main clause
• Be a part of a compound sentence

Multiple Choice

Another name for a dependent clause is a...

• Independent clause
• Subordinate clause
• Coordinate clause
• Relative clause

Multiple Choice

Adjective clauses modify...

• Verbs
• Adverbs
• Nouns
• Conjunctions

Multiple Choice

Adjective clauses begin with the words...

• and, but, or
• who, whom, which, that
• because, since, as
• although, though, even though

Multiple Choice

The comet that appeared in the sky was a sight to behold.

Is the underlined portion of the sentence an adjective clause?

Adjective clauses modify nouns and begin with who, whose, whom, which, or that.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Whoever saw it talked about it for weeks.

Is the underlined portion an adjective clause?

Adjective clauses modify nouns and begin with who, whose, whom, which, or that.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

It also was studied by scientists who learned many new things about its orbit.

Is the underlined portion of the sentence an adjective clause?

Adjective clauses modify nouns and begin with who, whose, whom, which, or that.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

I picked up the book___________.

Which of the following groups of words is an adjective clause that would complete the sentence?

Adjective clauses modify nouns and begin with who, whose, whom, which, or that.

• about butterflies.

• , and gave it to the librarian.

• that my friend recommended.

• that afternoon.

Multiple Choice

Adverb clauses answer all of these questions EXCEPT...

• Who? What?

• When? Where?

• How? Why?

• Under what condition?

  To what extent?

Multiple Choice

Adverb clauses modify...

• Nouns or pronouns

• Prepositions

• Verbs
• Pronouns

Multiple Choice

What acronym could you use to remember words like although, whenever, until, because, if, and since that begin adverb clauses?

• ACCUBA

• ACABRA

• AWUBAS

• AWUBIS

Multiple Choice

Aunt Carmen visited a berry farm because she wanted the freshest strawberries possible.

Do the underlined words form an adverb clause?

Adverb clauses modify verbs and begin with AWUBIS words (subordinating conjunctions).

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

If she bakes a strawberry tart for my birthday, everyone will thank her.

Do the underlined words form an adverb clause?

Adverb clauses modify verbs and begin with AWUBIS words (subordinating conjunctions).

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

The pies that Aunt Carmen bakes have won many awards.

Do the underlined words form an adverb clause?

Adverb clauses modify verbs and begin with AWUBIS words (subordinating conjunctions).

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Noun clauses are used as...

• Adjectives
• Adverbs
• Nouns

• Conjunctions

Multiple Choice

Noun clauses can act as all of the following EXCEPT....

• Subjects and Direct Objects

• Objects of Prepositions

• Verbs

• Predicate Nominatives

Multiple Choice

Plant life in the rainforest is what we will discuss today.

Is the underlined portion of the sentence a noun clause?

A noun clause acts as a noun and begins with words like that, what, whether, who, how, or why.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Trees that grow in this environment grow tall and dense.

Is the underlined portion of the sentence a noun clause?

A noun clause acts as a noun and begins with words like that, what, whether, who, how, or why.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Whether our planet's rainforests will survive is an important question.

Is the underlined portion of the sentence a noun clause?

A noun clause acts as a noun and begins with words like that, what, whether, who, how, or why.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

My friend Chris knows_____________

Which of the following groups of words is a noun clause that would complete the sentence?

A noun clause has a subject and verb, acts as a noun, and begins with words like that, what, whether, who, how, or why.

• that he should arrive early.

• the band that played here.

• everything about baseball.

• my family's dentist.

Multiple Choice

READ THESE SENTENCES:

(1) Madison, my cousin, is a student who has a lot of imagination. (2) Since she also is smart, I think that she will go far. (3) Madison may build a flying car and a solar-powered airplane when she gets older. (4) How she might change the world is anyone's guess!

SELECT THE STATEMENT THAT IS TRUE.

• 
  In Sentence 1, the underlined clause is an adverb clause.

• In Sentence 3, the underlined clause is an adjective clause.

• In Sentence 4, the underlined clause is a noun clause.

Multiple Choice

Since she also is smart, I think that she will go far.

Which of these descriptions of the underlined words is true.

• This is a subordinate clause used as a direct object noun.

• This is a subordinate adjective clause that modifies she.

• This is an independent clause.

• This is a subordinate adverb clause that modifies think.

Multiple Choice

To be considered a clause, a word group must—

• begin with an introductory word

• have a subject and a verb

• need another clause to make its meaning clear

• form a sentence that can stand alone

Multiple Choice

Which underlined group of words is a clause?

• I will taste some of the stir-fry if you hand me a fork.

• The flooding finally stopped, despite the rain.

• I will never understand all of that movie.

• After lunch, we went outside.

Multiple Choice

Read this sentence: Daylilies open when the sun comes up.

The INDEPENDENT clause in this sentence is—

• Daylilies open

• Daylilies

• When the sun

• when the sun comes up.

Multiple Choice

Seth will take out the garbage ___.

To add a subordinate clause to this sentence, which group of words would you choose?

• very quickly.

• after supper.

• because it is his turn.

• first thing in the morning.

Multiple Choice

I never watch TV while I am studying or doing other homework.

Which term best describes the italicized and underlined word group?

• independent clause

• main clause

• subordinate (dependent) clause

• introductory word

Multiple Choice

IF I REALLY WANT TO UNDERSTAND CLAUSES, I CAN STUDY THIS SLIDESHOW AND MAKE NOTES.

• YES

• NO