Making Magma

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of endogenic process?

• Ice melting

• Typhoons

• Weathering

• Rock melting

Multiple Choice

The temperature of the Earth <blank> as the depth <blank> towards the core.

• decreases, decreases

• decreases, increases

• increases, decreases

• increases, increases

Match

Match the following temperature of the lithosphere.

• 15 to 30^οC

• 1000^οC

• 3500^οC

• 6000^οC

1 km

Base of the crust

Base of the mantle

Center of the Earth

• 1 km

• Base of the crust

• Base of the mantle

• Center of the Earth

Multiple Choice

All are sources of Earth’s internal heat EXCEPT

• endogenic heating

• frictional heating

• heat from formation and accretion

• radioactivity

Multiple Choice

What is the process of growth through gradual accumulation of layers called?

• acceleration

• creation

• accretion

• formation

Reorder

Arrange the following chronologically from beginning (1) to end (3) of the formation and accretion of the planet which resulted to Earth's internal heat.

• Accretion of dust in space to form planetoids

• Theia merging with Earth forming the moon

• Bombardment of asteroids & comets.

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

What causes frictional heating?

• Sinking of denser core to the center of the plant

• Formation of the lithosphere

• Formation & accretion of the planet

• Radioactivity

Multiple Choice

Evaluate the following statements about magma and lava and select the correct answer.

• Magma and lava are the same.

• Magma is within the interior of the Earth while lava is at the surface.

• Lava is within the interior of the Earth while magma is at the surface.

• Magma and lava come from the same environment.

Multiple Choice

What chemical composition makes up most of magma?

• Silicon and oxygen

• Aluminum and silicon

• Iron and oxygen

• Aluminum and iron

Multiple Choice

Evaluate the following and identify which of the following is NOT CORRECT about magma formation.

• It is formed from melting of rocks

• It is formed in the asthenosphere.

• It is formed at temperatures of 600°C and 1300°C

• It is formed from solidification of rocks.

Multiple Choice

Magma chambers are usually found in places with high temperature and pressure. Where are these located?

• Both divergent and convergent plates

• Divergent plates

• Convergent plates

• Central areas of the continents

​Watch the video of decrompression melting

Multiple Choice

Magmas are formed with decompression melting. When does this happen?

• There is an increase in temperature

• Impurities like water H₂O or carbon dioxide CO₂ are added to rock

• There is a reduction in pressure.

• There is an increase in pressure

Multiple Choice

Magmas are formed with flux melting. When does this happen?

• There is an increase in temperature

• Impurities like water H₂O or carbon dioxide CO₂ are added to rock

• There is a reduction in pressure.

• There is an increase in pressure

Multiple Choice

What magma type has the highest silicon and oxygen content?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type has the highest gas content?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type has the lowest gas content?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type is the most viscous?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type is the least viscous?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type tend to erupts explosively?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

What magma type tends to flow out dramatically as a lava?

• Basaltic

• Andesitic

• Felsic

• All magma types

Multiple Choice

Magmas with higher SiO₂ most likely contain higher gases and are more viscous. When a volcano erupts with this kind of magma, what kind of eruption would you expect?

• Slow

• Explosive

• None of the choices

• Dramatic with lava flowing out like a river

Open Ended

What do you think will happen if the center of the Earth is not hot?