Matter and Energy Transformations in Ecosystems

Match

Match each item to either Biotic or Abiotic.

• mushroom

• Grass

• Water

• Bacteria

• Sunlight

biotic

biotic

abiotic

biotic

abiotic

• biotic

• biotic

• abiotic

• biotic

• abiotic

Match

Match each example to the correct ecological level of organization.

• An oak tree

• The Amazon Rainforest

• A school of fish and the water, sunlight, and nutrients they rely on

• All the plants, animals, and microorganisms living in a meadow

• A herd of elephants

organism

biome

ecosystem

community

population

• organism

• biome

• ecosystem

• community

• population

Multiple Choice

A population of deer in a forest has been stable for several years. Recently, the population began to decline despite the absence of new predators. Which of the following scenarios best explains this decline in relation to the forest's carrying capacity?

• The birth rate of the deer population has increased.

• New plant species have been introduced, increasing available food.

• The forest has experienced a drought, reducing the availability of food and water.

• The number of deer in the population has been below the carrying capacity for a long time.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a structural adaptation?

• A rabbit's ability to run fast to escape predators

• The migration of birds to warmer climates during winter

• The thick fur of a polar bear to keep it warm in cold environments

• Nocturnal hunting behavior in owls

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a physiological adaptation?

• A bird building a nest in a tree

• The ability of desert plants to store water in their tissues

• Wolves hunting in packs to increase their success rate

• Birds migrating south during the winter

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?

• The thick blubber of seals to insulate them in cold water

• The camouflage pattern on a chameleon's skin

• Birds singing to attract mates during the breeding season

• The development of sharp claws in cats for hunting

Multiple Choice

In a food chain, which trophic level would likely have the least amount of energy available?

• Primary producers (plants)

• Primary consumers (herbivores)

• Secondary consumers (carnivores)

• Tertiary consumers (top predators)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly describes energy flow through an ecosystem?

• Energy is recycled between organisms at different trophic levels.

• Energy flows in multiple directions between producers and consumers.

• Energy flows in one direction, from producers to consumers and decomposers.

• Energy flows from decomposers to producers and then to consumers.