Matter: Properties and Change

What's the Matter?

Properties & Changes

What is a property of matter?

Properties of matter are the characteristics that describe a substance or object. These properties are generally grouped into two categories: Physical or Chemical.

Physical Properties

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance is called a physical property. Your senses can be used to detect properties like color, shape, size, texture, taste and odor among others. The way you described your favorite fruit was a list of it's physical properties.

Chemical Properties

A chemical property describes a property that is only observed when a substance changes into a new substance with different properties. Like when iron rusts and turns into a new substance called iron oxide.

Physical Changes

A physical change occurs when there is a change to one or more of the physical properties of a substance that does not result in the substance changing into something else.

Chemical changes

A chemical change occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances. In a chemical change, the chemical identity of a substance changes and a new substance is formed that has different properties.

Signs of a Chemical changes

Multiple Choice

Which phrase most accurately describes a chemical change?

• A change on the molecular level

• A change in appearance

• A change in taste

• A change in form

Multiple Choice

How are physical and chemical properties different?

• Chemical properties only apply to chemicals. Physical properties apply to everything.
• Chemical properties are only observable as the substance is changing. Physical properties are easily observed or measured.
• Chemical properties are easy to reverse, and physical properties cannot be reversed. 

Multiple Choice

Which answer makes the sentence true. 
Matter is anything that _______________________________. 

• is burned to make heat
• takes up space and has mass
• lets electricity move through it

Multiple Choice

Which type of property is the ability to conduct electricity?

• physical property
• chemical property

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT a physical property?

• odor
• reacts with acid
• ability to conduct electric current
• hardness

Multiple Choice

Which one of these is a chemical property?

• melting point
• boiling point
• color
• flammability

Multiple Choice

Photosynthesis is an example of a

• physical change
• chemical change

Multiple Choice

A solid piece of chocolate is melted and changed to liquid form. Which property of the piece of chocolate will remain the same?

• Texture
• Temperature
  
• Shape
•  Mass

Multiple Choice

Which of the following IS a clue that a chemical change has occurred? 

• State of matter change
• Size Change
• Change in temperature
• Shape change

Multiple Choice

Is mold growing on cheese a physical or chemical change?

• Physical 
• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Is milk going sour a physical or chemical change?

• Physical 
• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Is Gatorade powder dissolving in water physical or chemical change?

• Physical 
• Chemical

Multiple Choice

How does rust form?

• Through paint flaking off of a metal surface

• Through a chemical reaction between iron and oxygen

• Through weathering

• Through the physical mixing of iron and water

Multiple Choice

What is an example of a chemical change that happens inside your body?

• Food being broken down by enzymes in your stomach

• Food being broken into small pieces by your teeth

• Food being moved from your esophagus into your stomach

• Water being absorbed inside your large intestine

Multiple Choice

What does it mean when there is a physical change?

• Matter has changed from one substance into another.

• Matter has changed on the molecular level.

• A new substance has been formed.

• Matter has changed size, shape or form.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

• Water freezing into ice.

• A piece of wood burning.

• A toy car rusting.

• Zinc producing hydrogen gas when mixed with water.

Multiple Choice

If a sheet of paper has been folded into a paper airplane, what has happened to the paper?

• a chemical change

• a physical change

• a chemical property

• a physical property

Multiple Choice

What is happening when your body changes the food you eat into energy you need to grow?

• a chemical change

• a physical change

• a chemical property

• a physical property

Multiple Choice

Why does an increase in temperature result in an increase in reaction rate?

• An increase in temperature raises the activation energy which increases the reaction rate.

• An increase in temperature causes the molecules to increase in size which increases reaction rate

• An increase in temperature decreases the concentration of reactants which increases reaction rate.

• An increase in temperature causes an increases the number of collisions which increases reaction rates.

Multiple Choice

Energy + 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆

During photosynthesis, sugar C₆H₁₂O₆ is produced from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Which statement BEST explains what happens during photosynthesis?

• Atoms are gained when sugar is formed

• Single atoms are converted into molecules

• Atoms from compounds are lost when sugar is formed

• Atoms of compounds are rearranged to form new compounds