Openscied Biology

Cell Structure and Function

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Living vs. Non-Living

• •The discovery of the cell helped answer this question…

  ▫How do living things differ from non-living things?

Characteristics of Living Organisms

• ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE  OF CELLS

• ALL LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY

• ALL LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO A STIMULUS

• ALL LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE

• ALL LIVING THINGS GROW AND DEVELOP

• ALL LIVING THINGS CHANGE TO FIT THEIR ENVIRONMENT(ADAPT)

• ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE DNA

Multiple Choice

What is the MINIMUM amount of cells an organism must have to be considered living

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true for ALL living things? 

• All living things eat other organisms to survive.
• All living things have muscle fibers.
• All living things need oxygen.
• All living things reproduce.

Multiple Choice

How do we know that coral is alive? 

• It grows.
• It reproduces.
• It uses energy. 
• All of the above. 

Multiple Choice

Is bacteria living, nonliving, or once alive? 

• Living
• Nonliving
• Once alive
• None of the above

Cell Theory

• •The cell theory is composed of the following 3 things.

  ▫1. All living things are made up of one or more cells.

  ▫2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.

  ▫3. All cells arise from existing cells. 

Multiple Choice

All existing cells are produced by other

• living cells
• dead cells
• atom cells
• animal cells

Multiple Choice

What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living things?

• atom

• cell

• bacteria

• animalcules

Multiple Choice

Which instrument is credited for helping scientists develop cell theory?

Multiple Choice

Which statement was NOT included in cell theory?

• All living things are composed of cells.

• Living cells come only from other living cells.

• Each cell contains a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.

• Cells are the smallest structure of living things that can perform the functions necessary for life.

Prokaryotic Cells

• •Prokaryote is a single celled organism.

  ▫Ex: bacteria

  •Organization is very simple. DNA freely floats in the middle of the cell instead of being trapped in the nucleus.

  ▫Pro-No 

Eukaryotic Cells

• •Eukaryote is an organism made up of one or more cells.

  ▫Some live as single celled organisms.

  ▫Others are multicellular.

• •Because of their complex organization, eukaryotic cells can carry out more specialized functions that prokaryotic cells can not. 

Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

• •Prokaryotic cells are always unicellular and limited in size.

• Eukaryotes are often larger and can be either unicellular or multicellular

• •Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

  ▫The different organelles and features of cells enable organisms to function in unique ways in different environments. 

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell?

• Prokaryote

• Eukaryote

• Mixed

Types of Eukaryotic Cells

• •The two types of Eukaryotic Cells are

  ▫Animal and Plant 

• •Plant cells contain both cell walls and chloroplasts which Animal cells do not.

• •Plant and animal cells have highly specialized cells that form tissues and organs. 

Organelles

• Organelles are structures that enable the cell to live, grow and reproduce.

• 
  

• 
  

Multiple Choice

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

• Phospholipid and bi-layer
• Chloroplasts and cell walls
• Mitochondria and flagella
• cell wall and cell membrane

Multiple Choice

This organelle makes proteins. 

• Cell membrane
• Nucleus
• Ribosome
• ER

Multiple Choice

This organelle helps plants keep their rigid structure. 

• Cell wall
• Cell membrane
• Chloroplast
• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the fluid inside a cell called? 

• Endoplasimic Reticulum
• Orange Juice
• Water
• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Where is DNA stored in a cell? 

• Lysosomes
• Golgi Complex
• Ribosomes
• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

I am the control center of the cell and house the DNA. Who am I?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Golgi Apparatus