Physiology of Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System: Physiology and Blood Vessels

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Multiple Choice

TYPE of blood flow that cycles from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium

• systemic circulation
• pulmonary circulation

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TYPE of blood flow that cycles to the body tissues; allows for oxygen to be distributed to all the cells of the body.

• systemic circulation
• pulmonary circulation

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How many chambers does the human heart have?

• 4

• 2

• 3

• 5

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What vessels carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

• Neither coronary arteries or pulmonary artery

• Pulmonary artery only

• Both coronary arteries and pulmonary artery

• Coronary arteries only

Multiple Select

What part of the nervous system regulates the activity of the heart?

• Efferent

• Afferent

• Autonomic

• Somatic

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What system is built into the heart and sets the basic rhythm of the heart?

• Autonomic Nervous

• Intrinsic Conduction

• Somatic Nervous

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Low levels of which Ion may cause a decrease in heart rate?

• Ca²⁺

• K+

• Na⁺

• Ca^-

Multiple Select

What neurotransmitters will cause an increase in heart rates?

• Epinephrine

• Norepinephrine

• Thyroxine

• GABA

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Third part of Cardiac Conduction System: This structures branches down from septum and out towards each ventricle. They *relay* the signal to the Purkinje fibers.

• Atrioventricular (AV) node
• Sinoatrial (SA) Node
• Bundle of His
• Purkinje fibers

Multiple Choice

Second part of Cardiac Conduction System: This structure receives a signal and passes it on to the Bundle of His

• Purkinje fibers
• Atrioventricular (AV) node
• Sinoatrial (SA) Node

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First part of Cardiac Conduction System: This *PACEMAKER* sends action potentials to both atria causing them to contract.

• Sinoatrial (SA) Node
• AV node

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They send action potentials to the cells in the ventricles, causing them to contract.

• Atrioventricular (AV) node
• Sinoatrial (SA) Node
• Bundle of His
• Purkinje fibers

Multiple Choice

The QRS-wave correlates with which event?

• atrium contraction /signals moving from SA node to AV node
• ventricle contraction
• ventricle repolarization
• both atrial and ventricle contraction

Multiple Choice

The components that indicate the QRS complex is...

• a,b,c
• b,c,d
• c,d,e
• b,d,e

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The AV node is located at...

• A
• B
• C
• D

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The t-wave correlates with which event?

• atrium contraction /signals moving from SA node to AV node
• ventricle contraction
• ventricle repolarization
• both atrial and ventricle contraction

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The place where the electrical current starts and is considered the heart's pacemaker:

• Sino-atrial node 
• right atrium
• atria-ventricular node 
• left ventricle

Multiple Choice

The p-wave correlates with which event?

• atrium contraction /signals moving from SA node to AV node
• ventricle contraction
• ventricle repolarization
• both atrial and ventricle contraction

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What letters are used to label the parts of an EKG?

• PQRST 
• ABCDE
• ACDC
• DNAI

Multiple Choice

An EKG is actually

• A ratio
• An equation
• A time frame
• A graph 

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An electrocardiogram measures what?

• The amount of pressure exerted on blood vessels.
• The electrical activity of the heart.
• How many times the heart contracts over time.
• The body's temperature caused by friction of blood in vessel.

Multiple Choice

What do the letters EKG stand for?

• Electrocardiograph
• Electromagneticgraph
• Electrocardiogram 
• Electrolytes

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Part of the cardiac cycle where Ventricles contract: Blood pumps out of ventricles, AV valves shut to prevent backflow.

• diastole phase
• systole phase

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Part of the cardiac cycle where Ventricles relax: Semilunar valves shut to prevent backflow. Blood flows into ventricles from atria due to drop in pressure.

• diastole phase
• systole phase

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For a blood pressure reading, the number on top measures...

• Diastolic Pressure
• Systolic Pressure
• Diastemic Pressure
• Systemic Pressure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a direct indicator of a person's cardiac health?

• Heart Rate
• Blood Pressure
• EKG
• Temperature 

Multiple Choice

The 'Dub' sound of the heart's LUB DUB? are the....

• Atrioventricular valves closing
• Semilunar Valves closing
• Blood flowing through the Pulmonary Trunk and Aorta
• Blood Flowing down into the venticles

Multiple Choice

The 'Lub' sound of the heart's LUB DUB? are the....

• Atrioventricular valves closing
• Semilunar Valves closing
• Blood flowing through the Pulmonary Trunk and Aorta
• Blood Flowing down into the venticles

Multiple Choice

A flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward

• Aorta
• Atrium
• Septum
• Valve

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Term used to discuss any change or deviation from the normal rate or rhythm of the heart

• Arrhythmia

• Aneurysm

• Hematoma

• Sickle cell anemia

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Term used for rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute)

• Bradycardia

• Tachycardia

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term for slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)

• Bradycardia

• Tachycardia

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Indicate some defects in the valves of the heart

• Murmurs

• Claudication

• Varicose Veins

• Atherosclerosis

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The ballooning out of an artery, accompanied by the thinning arterial wall, caused by weakening of the blood vessel

• Aneurysm

• Hematoma

• Sickle cell anemia

• Coronary Artery Disease

Multiple Choice

What is Haemoglobin?

• Iron rich protein that transports oxygen in the blood cells. 
• Blood Cells
• Blood Vessels
• A type of Capillary

Multiple Choice

A tiny blood vessel that allows for exchange between the blood and cells in the tissues in the body is called a

• Blood vessel

• Vein

• Capillary

• Artery

Multiple Choice

Rank the following blood vessels in order of their average pressure, from highest to lowest: artery, vein, arteriole, venule, aorta, capillary.

• Capillary > arteriole > venule > artery > vein > aorta

• Capillary > vein > venule > arteriole > artery > aorta

• Aorta > arteriole > venule > artery > vein > capillary

• Aorta > artery > arteriole > capillary > venule > vein

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What type of blood do the veins usually carry?

• Oxygenated Blood

• Deoxygenated Blood

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What type of blood do the arteries usually carry?

• Oxygenated Blood

• Deoxygenated Blood

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Which blood vessel has valves to prevent the back-flow of blood?

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

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Which is the smallest of the 3 blood vessels?

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

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Which blood vessels take blood AWAY from the heart?

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

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How many different types of blood vessels are in our bodies?

• 1

• 5

• 3

• 2

Multiple Choice

What causes the blood to be the distinct red colour?

• Heamaglobin

• Glucose

• Hormones

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

Low blood pressure

• diastolic pressure

• systolic pressure

• hypotension

• hypertension

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Fatima has blood pressure 183/81, what is Fatima's systolic pressure?

• 81

• 183

• 183/81

• 81/183

Multiple Choice

Normal blood pressure is...

• 120/80 mmHg
• 80/120 mmHg
• 140/90 mmHg
• 80/140 mmHg

Multiple Choice

High blood pressure

• Heart Failure

• Atherosclerosis

• Myocardial Infarction

• Hypertension