Sun, Earth and Stars Slides

Earth and the Solar System PFA Workshop

​The Length of a year on Earth is a little over 365 days.

​A YEAR is defined by:

• How long it takes for a planet to move around the Sun

• It moves around the Sun because of the Sun's gravitational pull.

  This action of completing a lap around the sun is called a revolution.

Multiple Choice

What is the best definition for a year on Mars?

• The amount of time it takes for Mars to revolve around the Earth

• The amount of time it takes for the moon to revolve around Mars

• The amount of time it takes for Mars to revolve around the Sun

• Mars does not have years because it does not have an axis. 

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order of planets that will complete a revolution around the Sun, from FASTEST to SLOWEST?

• Earth - Mars - Jupiter - Neptune

• Mars - Earth - Jupiter - Neptune

• Neptune - Jupiter - Earth - Mars

• Jupiter - Mars - Venus - Earth - Neptune

​Properties of the Sun

• ​The sun is a ball of gas made of Helium (He) and Hydrogen (H).

• ​These two chemicals go through constant chemical reactions to create energy (Nuclear Fusion)

  • That energy travels through space in every direction - eventually getting to us!

• The Sun's high mass creates its high gravitational force. ​

Multiple Choice

What object in our Solar System has the HIGHEST mass? How do we know this?

• Jupiter, because it is so large. 

• Mercury, because it is closest to the sun. 

• The Sun, because of its extreme mass. 

• The Sun, because of its large size. 

Multiple Choice

What force in space causes Solar Bodies to orbit?

• Strong Force

• Friction

• Neutral Force

• Gravity

​What is Gravity?

​GRAVITY is an invisible force that pulls objects towards something with high mass.

​

​Each of the following forms because of gravity:

1. ​black holes (from collapsed, dead stars)

2. planets (from gas, ice and dust)

3. stars (from atoms creating fission together in a high pressure place)​

​

​The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational force

Fill in the Blank

Our solar system began as a cloud of ___________

Fill in the Blank

Our planet formed due to gravity bringing together ___________

Multiple Select

Which of the following creates a strong gravitational force?

• Stars

• Moons

• Planets

• Black Holes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following creates the STRONGEST gravitational force in the universe?

• Stars

• Moons

• Planets

• Black Holes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following creates the STRONGEST gravitational force in our solar system?

• The Sun

• Our moon

• Jupiter

• Earth

Fill in the Blank

If it collects a lot of mass, a space object will become _______ due to gravity.

​Objects in Space

• ​Comet

  • ​frozen

  • ​non spherical

  • ​orbits a star

• ​Star

  • ​High density, high gravity

  • ​OUR star, the Sun, gives us heat energy

​Seasons and the Sun Crash Course

​click on it! Watch the video - its great!

​TAKE NOTES on the video.

​CREATE A NEW TAB and TYPE INTO GOOGLE:

Multiple Choice

Why do we have the various seasons on Earth?

• Earth's axis of rotation is tilted, so when a part of Earth is tilted to the sun, it has summer

• Earth's orbit is not a circle, it is an ellipse, so we are sometimes closer or farther from the sun

• The moon is a large object, and its gravity affects Earth. The effect of gravity causes seasons

• The sun may burn hot OR cold. When the sun is warmer, we have summer; when it is cold, it is winter. 

Fill in the Blank

At the red mark, if the arrows are the sun's rays, it will be what season?

Multiple Choice

Why is the summertime warm in the Northern Hemisphere? (READ the answer choices carefully!)

• The hemisphere receives low amounts of direct light from the sun. 

• The hemisphere receives low amounts of indirect light from the sun. 

• The hemisphere receives high amounts of direct light from the sun.

• The hemisphere receives high amounts of indirect light from the sun.

Fill in the Blank

If it is spring for the Northern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?

​DRAW THESE PICTURES

​LABEL the different Solar Bodies

​Which drawing is a Solar Eclipse? Which drawing is a Lunar Eclipse?

​The shadow of Earth on the moon in a Lunar Eclipse causes the moon to appear red.

​Which drawing is a Solar Eclipse? Which drawing is a Lunar Eclipse?

Multiple Choice

If the moon looks like this, it is a 

• Solar Eclipse

• Lunar Eclipse

• Waning Eclipse

• Waxing Eclipse

​The shadow of the moon on a small part of Earth causes a Solar Eclipse.

​Which drawing is a Solar Eclipse? Which drawing is a Lunar Eclipse?

Multiple Choice

If the moon looks like this, it is a 

• Solar Eclipse

• Lunar Eclipse

• Waning Eclipse

• Waxing Eclipse

Multiple Choice

A lunar eclipse can only occur during what moon phase?

• First Quarter

• Full Moon

• New Moon

• Waxing Gibbous