The Theory of the Universe

The Big Bang Theory

What do you THINK?

The Universe

All existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos. The universe is believed to be at least 10 billion light years in diameter and contains a vast number of galaxies; it has been expanding since its creation in the Big Bang about 13 billion years ago.

What does the WORD Universe mean?

• Universe =. prefix is uni, meaning "one". root is verse, meaning "word". 

• Meaning that the universe is "one word" spoken by the First Causee of the universe, the Prime Mover

• which is also referred to as "The Word"

• which is in Greek, the "Logos" which means Intelligence, Reason, Mind, or Consciousness.

Multiple Choice

What is the Big Bang Theory

• The theory that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since is called the Big Bang Theory

• The Tv Show

• The Creation of the galaxy

Poll

Are you a part of the Universe?

• Yes

• No

• I don't know

Fred Hoyle

• Sir Fred Hoyle FRS (24 June 1915 – 20 August 2001)  was an English astronomer who formulated the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

• He also held controversial stances on other scientific matters—in particular his rejection of the "Big Bang" theory, a term coined by him on BBC radio, and his promotion of panspermia as the origin of life on Earth.

Poll

Do you believe the Universe started with the Big Bang Theory?

• Yes

• No

The Big Bang Theory

• Most astronomers believe the Universe began in a Big Bang about 14 billion years ago. 

• At that time, the entire Universe was inside a bubble that was thousands of times smaller than a pinhead. 

• It was hotter and denser than anything we can imagine.

The Big Bang Theory

• •Then it suddenly expanded!

• The Universe that we know was born.

• •Time, space and matter all began with the Big Bang.

• •In a fraction of a second, the Universe grew from smaller than a single atom to bigger than a galaxy. And it kept on growing at a fantastic rate. It is still expanding today.

The Big Bang Theory

• As the Universe expanded and cooled, energy changed into matter and antimatter. 

• These two opposite types of particles largely destroyed each other. But some matter survived. More stable particles called protons and neutrons started to form when the Universe was one second old.

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The Big Bang Theory

• Over the next three minutes, the temperature dropped below 1 billion degrees Celsius.

• •It was now cool enough for the protons and neutrons to come together, forming hydrogen and helium nuclei.

The Big Bang Theory

• After 300 000 years, the Universe had cooled to about 3000 degrees. 

• Atomic nuclei could finally capture electrons to form atoms. 

• The Universe filled with clouds of hydrogen and helium gas.

Multiple Choice

How old is the Universe?

• 6,000 years old

• millions of years old

• 4.45 billion years old

• 14 billion years old

Multiple Select

What did the Big Bang create

• Time

• Space

• Matter

• Everything

The Big Bang Theory

• We cannot see anything that happened during the first 300 000 years of the Universe.

• •Scientists try to work it out from their knowledge of atomic particles and from computer models.

• Scientists observe the changes in the universe and see most galaxies moving away from one another. If they were to “rewind” time the galaxies would be moving towards one another.

The Big Bang Theory

• As millions of years passed, the dense areas pulled in material because they had more gravity. 

• Finally, about 100 million years after the Big Bang, the gas became hot and dense enough for the first stars to form.

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Open Ended

Can we SEE what happened the first 300,000 years of the Universe?

The Big Bang

• New stars were being born at a rate 10 times higher than in the present-day Universe. 

• Large clusters of stars soon became the first galaxies.

• The Hubble Space Telescope and powerful ground-based telescopes are now beginning to find galaxies that were created about one billion years after the Big Bang. 

Open Ended

Is the Universe still creating new stars.

Poll

Is most of the Universe made of atoms?

• Yes

• No