Earth's Movement in Space

Earth's Movement in Space

Rotation

​Rotate - to spin around a center (axis)

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​Axis - an imaginary line that an object rotates around ​

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​Earth rotates on its axis one time every 24 hours

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Day and Night

Earth's rotation on its axis causes the day/night cycle:

• the sun to rise in the east and set in the west

• the apparent movement of the sun and moon

Revolution

​Revolve - to move around another object​​

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Orbit - the path that an object takes as it goes around another object​

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Earth revolves around the Sun ​one time every 365 days

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​​The Earth does this around the Sun on its orbital path.

Seasons

Multiple Choice

Our Earth is split into 2 hemispheres. The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. Which one do WE live in?

• Northern Hemisphere

• Southern Hemisphere

Multiple Choice

Does our Earth sit straight up and down, or is it tilted?

• The Earth is tilted

• The Earth is NOT tilted

Multiple Choice

How long does 1 full rotation take?

• 365 days

• 12 hours

• 1 year

• 24 hours

Multiple Choice

The Earth's rotation causes what on Earth?

• Day & Night

• Seasons

• Wind

• Ocean tides

Multiple Choice

What do we call Earth's orbit (go around the sun)?

• Rotation

• Spin

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

How long does it take the Earth to go around the sun 1 time?

• 365 days (1 year)

• 12 hours

• 24 hours

• 24 years

Multiple Choice

Which answer correctly lists the seasons in the right order?

• Summer, Spring, Winter, Fall

• Summer, Fall, Winter, Spring

• Summer, Winter, Spring, Fall

• Summer, Winter, Fall, Spring

Multiple Choice

Which season has the longest days?

• Winter

• Spring

• Fall

• Summer

Multiple Choice

Which seasons have equal day and night? (Same amount of light)

• Fall & Spring

• Summer & Winter

• Summer & Spring

• Fall & Winter

Multiple Choice

At position 1, when the Earth is beside the sun, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere? (Hint: position 2 is the NH during summer.)

• Winter

• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

Multiple Choice

At position 2, when the Earth is pointed at the sun, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere?

• Winter

• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

Multiple Choice

At position 4, when the Earth is pointed AWAY from the sun, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere?

• Winter

• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

Multiple Choice

At position 4, when the Earth is pointed AWAY from the sun, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?

• Winter

• Fall

• Summer

• Spring

Tides

Let's learn about tides!

What are tides?

• Tides are the rise and fall of the levels of the ocean

• They are caused by the force of gravity of the Moon and Sun, also the earth's rotation, cause them.

The Cycle Of Tides

• Tides adjust as the moon rotates all-around Earth and the Suns' location

• The cycle is

• 1. The sea level begins to increase.

  2. The high tide has arrived.

  3. The sea level is falling.

  4. The tide hits its lowest point

• 5. It starts all over again

Types Of Tides

1. High Tides-The highest point of the tidal cycle is high tide when the sea level is at its highest.

2. Low Tides-Low tide occurs when the sea level is at its lowest point in the tidal cycle.

3. Spring Tides- The highest spring tide happens when the Sun and Moon are in perfect alignment.

5.Neap Tides- A neap tide is when the tidal range is at its smallest. This occurs during the first and third quarters of the Moon.

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between spring and neap tides

• Neap tides occur when the sea is at the highest level

• Spring tides occur when the earth and sun align.

• Spring tides occur when the sea is at the lowest level.

How the moon affects tides

The Moon is responsible for high and low tides. The tidal force is caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon. The tidal force causes Earth—and its water—to bulge out on its nearest and furthest sides from the Moon. These water bulges are high tides.

Tidal Range

• The tidal range is the height difference between high tide and low tide

• The tidal range is not constant: it varies based on the Moon's and Sun's positions.

Multiple Choice

What is Tidal range?

• The speed of a tidal current

• The time between each high tide

• The speed of the tidal current

• The difference in sea level between the low tide and high tide

Multiple Choice

The water bulges are ____ tides

• High

• low

• spring

• neap

Multiple Choice

What causes ocean tides?

• Energy from the sun's rays

• Wind moving across the surface area

• Gravitational pull of the Sun and the moon, and the rotation of Earth

• All of the above

• None of the above

Eclipses

Multiple Choice

A lunar eclipse occurs when the line up is this:

• Sun -Earth-Moon
• Moon, Sun, Earth
• Earth-Sun-Moon
• Sun-Moon-Earth

Multiple Choice

The line up for a solar eclipse is: 

• Sun-Earth-Moon
• Earth-Sun-Moon
• Sun-Moon-Earth
• Earth-Moon-Mars

Multiple Choice

A solar eclipse only happens during a ________ moon.

• New
• Cresent
• Gibbous
• Full

Multiple Choice

A lunar eclipse only happens during a ________ moon.

• New
• Cresent
• Gibbous
• Full

Multiple Choice

During a solar eclipse...

• The sun is blocked by the moon
• The Earth is blocked moon
• The moon is blocked by the sun
• You are blocked

Multiple Choice

Which type of eclipse is shown in this picture?

• Solar Eclipse
• Orbit
• Lunar Eclipse
• Total Eclipse

Multiple Choice

We do NOT have a lunar eclipse each month because...

• The tilt of the moon's orbit is at 5 degrees

• The moon is too small

• The moon's orbital distance changes

• All choices

Multiple Choice

What type of eclipse occurs when the moon blocks the sun's light and cast a shadow on earth?

• solar
• lunar

Multiple Choice

Which type of eclipse is shown in the diagram?

• Solar Eclipse
• Lunar Eclipse
• Total Eclipse
• Partial Eclipse

Multiple Choice

Solar eclipses occur during which Moon phase?

• New Moon
• Waning Crescent
• Waxing Crescent
• Waning Gibbous

Gravity and Inertia

Effects of Mass & Distance on Gravitational Force

• The more massive an object, the greater it's gravitational pull

• The closer the distance between objects, the greater the gravitational pull
  

• The gravitational pull between the Sun and each planet or between Earth and it's moon causes distinct motions between and among the objects

Multiple Select

If the mass of an object increases, what happens to the gravitational pull?

• Increases

• Decreases

Multiple Select

The closer that two objects come together, what happens to the gravitational pull?

• Decreases

• Increases

Effects of Gravity on Planetary Orbits

• The Sun's gravitational attraction along with a planet's inertia (continued forward motion), keeps the planets moving in an elliptical orbit (slightly oval) & determines how fast they move.

Effects of Gravity on Planetary Orbits

• Planets nearer to the Sun move/orbit faster due to the higher gravitational pull from the Sun.

• Planets farther from the Sun move/orbit slower due to the gravitational pull becoming less the farther from the Sun a planet is located.

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

4 planets closest to the Sun that orbit faster because of higher gravitational pull between them and the Sun

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Even though these 4 planets are more massive, the large distance that they are from the Sun reduces the gravitational pull the Sun has on them.

Multiple Choice

Inertia is:

• Forward motion

• Reverse motion

• Sideways motion

Multiple Choice

Planets closer to the sun have:

• More gravitational pull with the Sun

• Less gravitation pull with the sun

Multiple Choice

What keeps planets in elliptical orbits?

• Gravitational attraction

• Inertia

• Both gravitational attraction & inertia

• Neither one