Weather vs Climate

5.3B- Climatic Interactions

By: Ms. Bailey*

​Lesson Objective: KWBAT recognize how the Sun, atmosphere and oceans interact to impact the climate and 

weather across the globe.

​TEKs:

8.10(A)  recognize that the Sun provides the energy that drives convection within the atmosphere and  oceans, producing winds  

8.10(B)  identify how global patterns of atmospheric movement influence local weather using weather  maps that show high and low pressures and fronts  

8.10(C)  identify the role of the oceans in the formation of weather systems such as hurricanes​

​What you Will Learn today:

​Air movement produces winds and ocean movement produces currents that affect different climates across the globe.

• Convection occurs in both the atmosphere and ocean causing air and water movement.

• The energy that drives wind and ocean currents originates from the Sun.

• Both surface ocean currents and wind patterns circulate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

• Weather is caused by the Sun’s energy heating up the atmosphere unevenly, which causes different air pressures.

• Low-pressure systems bring rain, humidity and thunderstorms.

• High-pressure systems usually means clear skies and sunshine.

• Hurricanes form over tropical oceans where warm water and air interact to create severe low-pressure storms with spiraling winds.

​Lesson Vocabulary:

1. ​Convection currents: when temperature differences cause liquids or gases to expand and move; the less dense areas continually rise, and the more dense areas continually sink.

2. High-pressure system: has greater pressure than its surroundings; wind blows outward, associated with dry, clear, sunshine weather.

3. Low-pressure system: has lower pressure than its surroundings; wind blows inwards; associated with wet, windy, rainy weather.

4. Weather front: a leading edge of an air mass that is moving into an area where another air mass already exists or is moving out.

5. Cold front: develops when cold air moves under a warm air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing triangles.

6. Warm front: develops when warm air moves over a cold air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing semicircles.

7. Hurricane: large rotating storm with high speeds that form over warm waters in tropical areas.

Multiple Choice

What are convection Currents?

• when temperature differences cause liquids or gases to expand and move; the less dense areas continually rise, and the more dense areas continually sink.

• when temperature differences cause liquids or gases to expand and move; the more dense areas continually rise, and the less dense areas continually sink.

• when temperature differences cause solids to expand and move; the less dense areas continually rise, and the more dense areas continually sink.

Multiple Choice

What is a high pressure system?

• has greater pressure than its surroundings; wind blows outward, associated with dry, clear, sunshine weather.

• has less pressure than its surroundings; wind blows outward, associated with dry, clear, sunshine weather.

• has greater pressure than its surroundings; wind blows inward, associated with overcast weather.

Multiple Choice

what is a weather front?

• a leading edge of an air mass that is moving into an area where another air mass already exists or is moving out.

• a leading edge of an air mass that is moving out of an area where another air mass already exists or is moving out.

• a leading edge of an air mass that is moving into an area where

Multiple Choice

.what is a cold front?

• develops when cold air moves under a warm air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing triangles.

• develops when warm air moves under a warm air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing triangles.

• develops when cold air moves under a cold air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing circles.

Multiple Choice

what is a warm front?

• develops when warm air moves over a cold air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing semicircles.

• develops when cold air moves over a cold air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing semicircles.

• develops when warm air moves over a cold air mass; shown on a weather map with contours containing triangles.

Multiple Choice

what is a hurricane?

• large rotating storm with high speeds that form over warm waters in tropical areas.

• medium sized rotating storm with high speeds that form over warm waters in tropical areas.

• large rotating storm with low to medium speeds that form over warm waters in tropical areas.

​Find a Partner Quick Fast!

Open Ended

WITH A PARTNER.... explain what a convection current is.

SS: A convection current is....

​Proper Positions Please...

​Find a DIFFERENT partner.... quick fast!

Open Ended

what is the difference between an atmospheric convection and an ocean convection?

SS: The difference between an atmospheric convection and an ocean convection is....

​1. Notebook

2. Title : Symbols on a Weather Map​

3. Three different colored pencils​

​Find A DIFFERENT partner!!

​What type of front is approaching the northwestern states of Washington and Oregon?

​what type of weather is taking place in Kansas, Oklahoma and a portion of Texas?

​What type of weather is taking place in up state New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire?

​What type of weather is taking place in New Mexico?

​What type of weather is taking place in Idaho?

​Proper positions please!

Multiple Choice

What type of weather is taking place in Minnesota?

• A cold front is coming in

• a warm front is coming in

• a cold front is moving out

• a warm front is moving out

Multiple Choice

What type of weather is taking place in California?

• low pressure system. lower pressure than its surrounding areas. winds blow inward.

• high pressure system. greater pressure than its surrounding areas. winds blow outward

• low pressure system. higher pressure than its surrounding areas. winds blow outward.

• high pressure system. lower pressure than its surrounding areas. winds blow inward

Multiple Choice

What type of weather is taking place in Florida?

• Cold Front. mass of cold air is moving in

• cold font. Mass of cold air is moving out

• warm front. mass of warm air is moving in

• warm front mass of warm air is moving out

Multiple Choice

What type of weather is coming to Wisconsin and Michigan?

• A cold front is moving in. Replacing the warm air that is there.

• A cold front is moving out and warm weather is coming in

• a warm front is moving in, replacing the cold weather that is there

• a warm front is moving out, replacing the cold wether that is there.

​How are global wind patterns similar to wind patterns?

​Last time! Find a DIFFERENT partner.....GO!!!

Multiple Choice

Earth's ocean waters are constantly moving and changing. move in different directions depending upon their originating location. What are two factors that drive the ocean currents?

• convection caused by the heating of ocean waters by the Sun and continental drift

• convection caused by the heating of ocean waters by the Sun and drag on the ocean's surface by wind

• convection caused by the cooling of the ocean waters by the ocean floor and continental drift

• convection caused by the cooling of ocean waters by the ocean floor and the gravitational force of other planets

Multiple Choice

Air movement in Earth's atmosphere is driven by the Sun's energy. Which description best explains how the Sun's energy creates wind?

•  The Sun's energy heats air at Earth's surface, decreasing its density and causing the air to rise. As the heated air rises, it begins to cool and its density increases, causing the air to sink back to Earth.

• The Sun's energy is absorbed by Earth's core and released out of volcanoes. The heat released from the volcanoes forces an outward movement of air that begins to circulate as wind.

• The Sun's energy changes the composition of air at Earth's surface, forming lighter elements that cause air to rise. The air is changed back into its original form near the top of the atmosphere and sinks back to Earth.

• The Sun's energy causes Earth's rotation. Earth's rotation causes air to rise, move outward, and sink back down to Earth's surface.

Multiple Choice

The weather map shows the weather conditions for one day across the United States. Based on the weather map, which city will most likely experience decreasing temperatures during the next 24 hours?

• Denver, because it is raining there

• Minneapolis, because a cold front is approaching

• Atlanta, because a warm front is approaching

• Houston, because it is in a high-pressure area

Multiple Choice

Hurricanes frequently form over the oceans during the warmer months of the year. What conditions lead to the formation of hurricanes?

• Tornadoes form over oceans, eventually combining into one large hurricane.

• Heat combined with high evaporation of moisture lowers air pressure, forming a low-pressure center that draws wind inward in a spiraling motion.

• Low evaporation keeps moisture in the air, creating a high-pressure system that blows wind outward in a spiraling motion.

• Cold-and warm-water currents mix together in a spiraling motion, forming spiraling winds that contain much moisture.

Multiple Choice

El Niño is a phenomenon created through an interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean. What effect does El Niño have on the ocean and weather systems around the world?

• The warming of waters in the eastern half of the Pacific Ocean during El Niño causes an increase in the number of tornadoes formed in the United States.

• The cooling of waters in the eastern half of the Atlantic Ocean during El Niño causes heavy rainfall in Australia, Indonesia, southern India, and parts of Africa and Brazil.

• The warming of waters in the eastern half of the Pacific Ocean during El Niño causes heavy rainfall along the equator, in southern California, and in the southeastern United States.

• The cooling of waters in the western half of the Atlantic Ocean during El Niño causes an unusually high number of hurricanes to form during the summer.

​Proper Positions.... Exit ticket Time

Multiple Choice

The California, Peru, Benguela, and Canary currents are cold-water ocean currents that flow around the west coasts of North and South America, Africa, and southern Europe. What type of weather do these currents bring to these areas?

• cool temperatures with frequent fog and cloudy skies

• cool temperatures with clear, dry skies

• warm temperatures with fog and cloudy skies

• warm temperatures with clear, dry skies

Multiple Choice

Use the weather map shown below to answer the question. A large high-pressure system has formed over Utah. Which answer choice correctly identifies the direction of the wind?

• The wind is blowing to the southwest from Salt Lake City to Las Vegas.

• The wind is blowing to the north from Flagstaff to Salt Lake City.

• The wind is blowing to the west from Denver to Salt Lake City

• The wind is blowing to the northeast from Las Vegas to Salt Lake City.

Multiple Choice

In what direction do surface ocean currents and global wind patterns circulate in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

• Surface ocean currents circulate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Wind patterns circulate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

• Surface ocean currents circulate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Wind patterns circulate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

• Both surface ocean currents and wind patterns circulate clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

• Both surface ocean currents and wind patterns circulate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.