Concept 2 Notes - Protein Synthesis

Multiple Choice

Which one is NOT a part of a nucleotide?

• sugar

• phosphate

• nitrogen base

• amino acid

Multiple Choice

The monomers of nucleic acids are. . .

• nucleotides

• amino acids

• monosaccharides

• fatty acids

Multiple Choice

When your cells copy their DNA, this is called . . .

• replication

• copying

• hydrolysis

• awesome copy

Multiple Choice

The enzyme that "unzips" DNA so that copies can be made is called . . .

• DNA Polymerase

• Helicase

• Lactase

• Catalase

Multiple Choice

The enzyme that adds nucleotides to the original bases to make a new strand of DNA is called . . .

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• lactase

• catalase

Multiple Choice

______ and ______ won the Nobel Prize for discovering the structure of DNA.

• Watson; Crick

• Johnson; Smick

• Franklin; Wick

• Best; DNA man

Multiple Choice

_______________ took the X-Ray photo that helped identify the structure of DNA

• Franklin

• Crick

• Watson

• Einstein

Multiple Choice

A ____________ bond connects nitrogen bases in a DNA strand.

• hydrogen

• covalent

• super strong

• ionic

Multiple Choice

Which one is NOT one of the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

• adenine

• guanine

• cytosine

• thymine

• uracil

Multiple Choice

The "backbone" of DNA is made of . . .

• phosphate and sugar (deoxyribose)

• fatty acid and glycerol

• nitrogen bases and hydrogen bond

• amino acids and proteins

Multiple Choice

What does RNA stand for?

• Ribonucleic acid

• Ricenucleic acid

• Ribouncenucleic acid

• Rinucleic acid

Multiple Choice

What are the 4 RNA nitrogen bases?

• adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

• adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

• adenine, uracil, cytoplasm, and guanine

• adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of RNA?

• amino acids

• nucleotides

• fatty acids

• polysaccharides

Multiple Choice

DNA contains the template to make RNA

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

RNA is double-stranded.

• true

• false

• it depends on the type

Multiple Choice

What is the process that makes a complementary mRNA strand from a DNA strand?

• protein synthesis

• transcription

• translation

• DNA Polymerase

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus
• cytoplasm
• ribosome

Multiple Choice

What is occurring in this picture?

• Translation
• Replication
• Translocation
• Transcription

Multiple Choice

What does mRNA do?

• provides information from DNA to ribosomes
• transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
• makes up ribosomes
• builds proteins

Multiple Choice

Using this DNA sequence AAA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

• UUU AAA

• AAA UUU

Multiple Choice

Using this DNA sequence ATA CGA GGA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

• UAU GCU CCU AAA

• UAU GCU CCU TTT

• TAT GCT CCT AAA

• TAT GCT CCT TTT

Multiple Choice

What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?

• phosphate
• nitrogenous base
• deoxyribose
• sugar

Multiple Choice

Which phrase best describes translation?

• converts mRNA into a polypeptide
• catalyzes bonds between amino acids
• produces RNA from DNA molecules
• recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

Multiple Choice

Pair the relationships.
Mitochondria : ATP

• Chloroplast : Lipids
• Cell Membrane : Molecules 
• Ribosome : Protein
• ER : Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true about RNA?

• RNA is usually single stranded and contains the base uracil

• RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine

• RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function

• All of the above are true.

Multiple Choice

True or False: RNA uses deoxyribose sugar.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Through the process of transcription, DNA makes a complimentary strand of

• DNA

• RNA

• CNA

• PLB

Multiple Choice

After transcription mRNA goes from the nucleus to the _________.

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Vacuoles

Multiple Choice

The first step of protein synthesis is.....

• replication

• mitosis

• translation

• transcription

Multiple Choice

Which Nucleic Acids can be found in the nucleus?

• DNA only

• DNA & RNA

• RNA only

• enzymes only

Multiple Choice

When the mRNA sequence leave the nucleus, what organelle does it travel to?

• mitochondria

• smooth ER

• ribosome

• vacuole

Multiple Choice

What best explains the interaction between tRNA and mRNA during translation?

• anticodons on the mRNA line up with complementary codons on the tRNA

• anticodons on the tRNA line up with complementary codons on the mRNA

• tRNA attach amino acids to the complementary mRNA sequence

• mRNA attach amino acids to the complementary tRNA sequence

Multiple Choice

What does tRNA "transfer"?

• amino acids

• nucleic acids

• nucleotides

• AUG

Multiple Choice

What do amino acids come together to join?

• a growing polypeptide chain (protein)

• a growing lipid

• a growing carbohydrate

• a growing nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

codons are located on __________

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• snRNA

Multiple Choice

anti-codons are located on __________

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• snRNA

Multiple Choice

How many nucleotides make up a single codon?

• 3

• 5

• 4

• 1

Multiple Choice

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?

AUU

• Methionine

• Isoleucine

• Histidine

• Arginine

Multiple Choice

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?

CAU

• Methionine

• Isoleucine

• Histidine

• Arginine

Multiple Choice

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?

UAA

• STOP

• Phenylalanine

• Valine

• Aspartic acid

Multiple Choice

The process of making proteins on the ribosome based on instructions from messenger RNA is called

• transcription
• transformation
• translation
• molecular biology

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes RNA?

• RNA is usually double-stranded and contains the base thymine
• RNA is usually single-stranded and contains the base uracil
• RNA is longer than DNA and uses five bases to encode information
• RNA is made in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and stays there to carry out its functions

Multiple Choice

In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular

• nucleotide
• enzyme
• amino acid
• promoter

Multiple Choice

What type of bonds are forming during translation?

• Peptide bonds (covalent)

• Hydrogen bonds

• Acid bonds

• ionic bonds

Multiple Choice

How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA

• 4
• 2
• 6
• 12

Multiple Choice

Which process does this picture show?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

Multiple Choice

What would be the tRNA anticodon for the mRNA codon CAG?

• GTC
• GUC
• CUG
• CAG

Multiple Choice

What is the correct sequence?

• RNA --> DNA --> Protein
• Protein --> RNA --> DNA
• DNA --> RNA --> Protein
• DNA --> Protein --> RNA

Multiple Choice

Overall, protein synthesis consists of these steps

• DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis and transcription

• transcription and translation

• DNA synthesis, transcription and translation

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer (building block) of proteins?

• Monosacchrides
• Polysaccharides
• amino acids
• Triglycerides