Earthquakes Quick Notes Lesson 2025

Multiple Choice

How do volcanoes start earthquakes?

• Volcanoes start earthquakes by releasing gas into the atmosphere from the crater.

• Volcanoes cause earthquakes by cooling lava rapidly as it leaves the crater.

• Volcanoes trigger earthquakes by creating tsunamis in nearby oceans.
• Volcanoes cause pressure in surrounding rocks due to rising magma.

Multiple Choice

lEarthquakes are randomly distributed over the globe.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the name of Mississippi's fault line?

• New Madrid Fault Line
• Charleston Fault Line
• Hayward Fault Line
• San Andreas Fault Line

Fill in the Blank

______ causes the plates to get stuck, building ________ and when the pressure if ________, an earthquake occurs.

,

,

Match

Match the defintions with the terms.

• The plate that doesn’t move during an Earthquake.

• The plate that moves during an Earthquake.

• The area along the break between two plates occurs.

• It is in the surface of the Earth caused by the fault plane.

Foot Wall

Hanging Wall

Fault plane

Fault line

• Foot Wall

• Hanging Wall

• Fault plane

• Fault line

Match

Match the following

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-slip Fault

hanging wall moves down

hanging wall moves up

blocks move opposite of one another

• hanging wall moves down

• hanging wall moves up

• blocks move opposite of one another

Match

Match the following:

Normal Fault

Reverse (thrust) Fault

Strike-Slip Fault

• Normal Fault

• Reverse (thrust) Fault

• Strike-Slip Fault

Multiple Choice

Which type of wave arrives first during an earthquake?

• Primary (p-wave) waves

• Secondary (s-wave) waves

• Surface Waves

Multiple Choice

Which Seismic Wave is pictured?

• P-Wave

• S-Wave

• Surface Wave

Multiple Choice

Which type of Seismic Wave is pictured?

• P-Wave

• S-Wave

• Surface Wave

Multiple Choice

Which is the location of an earthquake ON EARTH'S SURFACE?

• Landslide

• Seismic

• Epicenter

• Focus

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statement correctly identifies the focus and epicenter of an earthquake in the given illustration?

• Point A is the focus and Point B is the epicenter.

• Point A is the epicenter and Point C is the focus

• Point A is the epicenter and Point B is the focus.

• Point A is the focus and Point C is the epicenter.

Match

Match the following.

• Focus

• Epicenter

• Wave

Energy starts here.

Energy ends here.

Transfers the energy.

• Energy starts here.

• Energy ends here.

• Transfers the energy.

Multiple Choice

Describe the moment magnitude scale, and explain why it is useful in measuring earthquakes.

• It measures nearby earthquakes.
• It measures earthquakes total energy of earthquakes near or far
• It tells us how dangerous an earthquake was
• It measures the size of the largest wave.

Multiple Choice

Which seismogram represents a city that is far from the epicenter of an earthquake?

• New York, NY

• Nome, Alaska

• Guadalajara, Mexico

Multiple Choice

Earthquake A has a magnitude of 5.4 on the Richter scale.

Earthquake B is 10 times as powerful as Earthquake A.

What is the magnitude of Earthquake B?

• 54

• 15.4

• 5.5

• 6.4

Multiple Choice

These seismic waves are slower and arrive last but causes severe damage:

• p-waves
• s-waves
• surface waves
• z-waves

Multiple Choice

How are tsunamis generated according to the lesson?

• By strong winds over the ocean

• When earthquakes under the ocean floor displace the ocean floor rock and then displace the water on top

• By sudden changes in atmospheric pressure

• By volcanic eruptions under the sea

Multiple Choice

What process occurs when an earthquake's shaking turns loose soil into mud?

• aftershocks
• tsunamis
• liquefaction
• deformation

Match

Match the type of earthquake damage to its description.

• Shaking

• Liquefaction

• Aftershocks

• Tsunamis

Vibrations caused by seismic waves

Soil losing strength and behaving like a liquid

Secondary tremors following the main shock

Large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes

• Vibrations caused by seismic waves

• Soil losing strength and behaving like a liquid

• Secondary tremors following the main shock

• Large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes