DNA - Tutoring

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

• double helix

• contains ribose

• made of amino acids

• contains Uracil

Multiple Choice

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated

• it's in everything

• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

• because we eat it every day for energy

Multiple Choice

Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose sugar and adenine

• deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

• deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

• deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

A frameshift mutation is an insertion or deletion that changes the codons for the rest of the DNA - it moves everything forward or back by 1 or more nucleotides so the ribosome reads it wrong!

Multiple Choice

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

• Replication

• Mutations

• Translation

• Transcription

Multiple Choice

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

• Inversion Mutation

• Chromosomal Mutation

• Translocation

• Substitution Mutation

Multiple Choice

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

• Substitution Mutation

• Silent Mutation

• Frameshift Mutation

• Translocation

Multiple Choice

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

• Deletion Mutation

• Substitution Mutation

• Translocation

• Silent Mutation

Multiple Choice

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base is added

to the DNA sequence

• Insertion Mutation

• Deletion Mutation

• Substitution Mutation

• Chromosomal Mutation

Multiple Choice

A monomer of DNA is called a(n)

• Monosaccharide
• Amino Acid
• Triglyceride
• Nucleotide

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

• double helix
• contains ribose
• made of amino acids
• contains Uracil

Multiple Choice

A T T T G A G C C- Original
    A T T G A G C C  - Mutated
The example above is an example of a :

• Insertion- Frameshift
• Deletion- Substitution
• Deletion -Frameshift
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Multiple Choice

mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...

• quadralets
• anticodons
• codons
• capsids

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements describes processes that occur during DNA replication?

• A DNA sequence is read by RNA polymerase, which produces another RNA strand complementary to the first strand.
• Two free-floating single strands of DNA are joined by polymerase. The polymerase finds the point at which the two strands will match up into a double strand.
• Messenger RNA are decoded by a ribosome to produce an amino acid chain. In the cell's cytoplasm, transfer RNA join the messenger RNA, forming a polypeptide.
• A double-stranded DNA molecule is unwound into single strands. Polymerase matches the right nucleotides to the single strand so that each forms a double strand of DNA.

Multiple Choice

The genetic code is universal. This means...

• All living things share the same DNA, RNA, Amino Acids, and Proteins

• All living things just have the same DNA

• All living things have a nucleus

• All living things build the same amino acid chains but use different DNA bases

Multiple Choice

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Frameshift

Multiple Choice

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Frameshift