Cell Organelles

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?

• Cells are the building blocks of all plants and animals.

• All new cells come from the division of preexisting cells.

• Cells are the smallest living units that perform all vital physiological functions.

• Cells can exist independently without performing any physiological functions.

Multiple Choice

What is the process called when cells gradually become specialized to form different tissues in the body?

• Cellular differentiation

• Cell division

• Genetic mutation

• Homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down organic compounds and neutralizing toxic compounds in the cell?

• Peroxisome

• Lysosome

• Mitochondrion

• Golgi apparatus

Open Ended

Explain the difference between free ribosomes and bound ribosomes in terms of their location and function within the cell.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

• Synthesizes and stores proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates

• Produces energy for the cell

• Controls cell division

• Stores genetic information

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) supports its function in the cell.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) are correct?

• Lacks ribosomes

• Synthesizes steroid hormones

• Modifies newly synthesized proteins

• Cisternae are often tubular

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

• Packaging and modifying proteins for secretion

• Producing energy (ATP) for the cell

• Isolating the cell from its environment

• Providing structural support

Multiple Choice

The Golgi apparatus is primarily responsible for which of the following?

• Packaging and modifying secretions

• Synthesizing DNA

• Producing ATP

• Breaking down waste materials

Open Ended

Explain how the analogy of a packaging center helps in understanding the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about mitochondria is TRUE?

• They produce energy (ATP) for cells.

• They are responsible for packaging proteins.

• They form the outer boundary of the cell.

• They have no DNA.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the plasma membrane?

• Physical isolation

• Regulation of exchange with the environment

• Production of ATP

• Sensitivity to environment

Multiple Choice

What is the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

• It stiffens the plasma membrane.

• It produces energy for the cell.

• It packages proteins for secretion.

• It transports ions across the membrane.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a function of the glycocalyx in the plasma membrane?

• Cell recognition

• Energy production

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of the cytoskeleton?

• Microfilaments

• Intermediate filaments

• Microtubules

• Glycocalyx

Multiple Choice

What is the main structural difference between cilia and flagella?

• Flagella are longer than cilia

• Cilia are longer than flagella

• Cilia lack microtubules

• Flagella lack a basal body

Open Ended

Explain how centrioles contribute to cell division and what happens in cells that lack centrioles.

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell is an exception to the rule that there is usually only one nucleus per cell?

• Skeletal muscle cell

• Neuron

• Liver cell

• Skin cell